Overview of the Federal Government's Approach to Sustainable Development
The Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) 2013–2016 presents the Government of Canada's sustainable development activities, as required by the Federal Sustainable Development Act ( FSDA ). In keeping with the objectives of the Act to make environmental decision making more transparent and accountable to Parliament, Transport Canada supports the implementation of the FSDS through the activities found in this supplementary information table.
This Departmental Sustainable Development Strategy presents the results for Theme I – Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality, Theme II – Maintaining Water Quality and Availability, Theme III – Protecting Nature and Canadians, and Theme IV – Shrinking the Environmental Footprint – Beginning with Government.
| FSDS Goal | FSDS Performance Indicator | FSDS Target | FSDS Performance Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Goal 3: Water Quality and Water Availability | Number of marine spills from identified vessels | Target 3.8: Marine Pollution – Releases of Harmful Pollutants
Protect the marine environment by an annual 5% reduction in the number of releases of harmful pollutants in the marine environment by vessels identified during pollution patrol from 2013–2016. |
During fiscal year 2015-16, the National Aerial Surveillance Program observed or responded to 381 pollution incidents, of which 50 were of a known source and the remaining 331 were from sources that could not be positively identified.
In comparison with 2013-14 (baseline year: 308), there was a significant increase (24%) of pollution incidents observed due to the sensitivity of the equipment which can now detect spills of less than a litre (257 out of 381). Also, on-the-job training for new surveillance officers hired in each region was performed over areas (marinas, bays and harbours) that are known as hot spots for pollution due to automatic bilge pumps from small vessels. Therefore Transport Canada did not meet the target of a 5% reduction. The target will be adjusted accordingly in the 2016-2019 FSDS . |
Themes I–III: Implementation Strategies
Theme I – Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality
Transportation is one of the largest sources of greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions in Canada, accounting for 23% of Canada's total GHG emissions in 2013. Transportation is also linked with the emission of air pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulphur oxide, volatile organic compounds and particulate matter. These pollutants contribute to the formation of smog and poor air quality. Pollutant emissions from transportation have fallen significantly, largely due to regulatory changes introduced by the federal government. Further action is required to ensure this trend continues in the transportation sector.
Transport Canada's Commitments
In 2015–16, under Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality, Transport Canada contributed to the FSDS through the 15 implementation strategies listed below under Goal 1 – Climate Change and Goal 2 – Air Pollution. These are drawn from Transport Canada's initiatives under the federal Clean Air Agenda.
The Clean Air Agenda spans 11 departments and agencies managing 60 environmental initiatives over five fiscal years. The centerpiece of this approach is a regulatory agenda with complementary programming to support innovation and clean technologies, Canada's international participation, and adaptation to a changing climate.
Transport Canada is responsible for the following nine initiatives under the Clean Air Agenda:
- Aviation Sector Regulatory Initiative;
- Marine Sector Regulatory Initiative;
- Rail Sector Regulatory Initiative;
- Support for Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations;
- Gateway Carbon Footprint Initiative;
- ecoTECHNOLOGY for Vehicles II Program;
- Truck Reservation System Program;
- Shore Power Technology for Ports Program; and
- Northern Transportation Adaptation Initiative.
Transport Canada's implementation strategies have been organized according to the appropriate Program or Sub-Program in the Department's Program Alignment Architecture. This means that Transport Canada's Theme I implementation strategies are linked to two Sub-Programs - 2.1.1 - Clean Air Regulatory Framework and Oversight and 2.1.2 - Clean Air Initiatives, and one Program - 2.3 - Environmental Stewardship of Transportation.
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
|
1.1.36 - Address GHG emissions from aviation by supporting the International Civil Aviation Organization's ( ICAO's ) development of new international standards and recommended practices through the development and implementation of new domestic standards, through the monitoring of Canada's voluntary Action Plan in collaboration with the Canadian domestic aviation sector, and through targeted research. |
Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality
Target 1.1: Climate Change Mitigation - Relative to 2005 emission levels, reduce Canada's total GHG emissions by 17% by 2020.Footnote * |
| 2.1.22 - Address air pollutant emissions from aviation by supporting the International Civil Aviation Organization's development of new international standards and recommended practices through the development and implementation of new domestic standards and through targeted research. | Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality
Goal 2: Air Pollution – Minimize the threats to air quality so that the air Canadians breathe is clean and supports healthy ecosystems. Target 2.1.: Outdoor Air Pollutants - Improve outdoor air quality by ensuring compliance with new or amended regulated emission limits by 2020, thus reducing emissions of air pollutants in support of Air Quality Management System ( AQMS ) objectives. |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
Transport Canada addressed GHG emissions and air pollutant emissions from aviation through the following actions:
- Led the Government of Canada's participation at the International Civil Aviation Organization (
ICAO
) on topics related to reducing the impact of aviation on the environment. Transport Canada actively participated in a number of
ICAO
groups to address air pollutant and
GHG
emissions and provided scientific and technical expertise, advice and leadership. These groups include the following:
- The Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection ( CAEP ) steering group and working groups. CAEP approved a new emissions standard for carbon dioxide (CO2) for airplanes for recommendation to the Fall 2016 ICAO Assembly; and approved phase one of a particulate matter (black carbon) standard for aircraft engines. Canada continues to collaborate internationally with other civil aviation regulators, manufacturers and academia to characterize aircraft engine emissions to inform the work for developing the second phase of the standard;
- The Alternative Fuels Task Force continued to evaluate the use of alternative fuels in aviation and the range of potential GHG emissions reductions from the use of alternative fuels in aviation to 2050;
- The Environmental Advisory Group and High Level Group worked to develop a global market-based measure for international civil aviation;
- The Global Market-Based Measures Task Force and its subgroups supported the work of the Environmental Advisory Group and the High Level Group, and are assessing and making recommendations on technical elements of potential market-based measures for GHG emissions from international aviation.
- Released the 2014 Annual Report under Canada's Action Plan to reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Aviation in December 2015.
- Completed the review of Canada's Action Plan and released a 2015 Update with the 2014 Annual Report.
- Contributed to the work of Canada's BioFuelNet and their efforts to develop a study on the logistics of real time blending of biofuel and aviation fuel in the fuel delivery system at an established airport in Canada. Supported the creation of an Aviation Task Force as part of BioFuelNet Canada.
- Continued to monitor the development of aviation biofuels in Canada and the United States.
- Continued to work with the United States Federal Aviation Administration, the National Research Council, Environment and Climate Change Canada and Canadian aviation stakeholders to transition to unleaded aviation gasoline for piston engine aircraft.
- Partnered with the Aviation Sustainability Center ( ASCENT ), which focusses on environmental goals for noise, air quality, climate change and energy. Some of the areas of study include new aircraft technologies and sustainable alternative aviation jet fuels. The affiliation with ASCENT will directly inform future international environmental standards for aviation at ICAO . These standards, in turn, lead to improved domestic regulations in Canada.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of instruments that are aligned with domestic legislation or international standards | 100% by March 31, 2016 | 100% |
| 2015–16 Planned Spending | 2015–16 Actual Expenditure |
|---|---|
| $2,104,348 | $1,786,201 |
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
|
1.1.34 - Address GHG emissions from maritime shipping by working with the International Maritime Organization ( IMO ) in the development of new international standards and recommended practices for marine vessels, as well as through the implementation of new Canadian regulations, and targeted research and development. |
Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality Goal 1: Climate Change – In order to mitigate the effects of climate change, reduce GHG emission levels and adapt to unavoidable impacts. Target 1.1: Climate Change Mitigation - Relative to 2005 emission levels, reduce Canada's total GHG emissions by 17% by 2020.Footnote * |
|
2.1.21 - Address air pollutant emissions from maritime shipping by working with the International Maritime Organization in the development of new international standards and recommended practices for marine vessels, as well as through the implementation of new Canadian regulations, and targeted research and development. |
Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality
Target 2.1: Outdoor Air Pollutants - Improve outdoor air quality by ensuring compliance with new or amended regulated emission limits by 2020, thus reducing emissions of air pollutants in support of Air Quality Management System objectives. |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
Transport Canada addressed GHG emissions and air pollutant emissions from marine shipping through the following actions:
- Continued implementation of the North American Emission Control Area. On January 1, 2016, Tier III standard for nitrogen oxide emissions from newly-built ships and existing ships fitting new engines came into force. This resulted in a 74% reduction in emissions.
- Continued to participate actively in the International Maritime Organization's ( IMO ) Marine Environment Protection Committee ( MEPC ) and the Sub-Committee on Pollution Prevention and Response ( PPR ) to address air pollutant, GHG , and short-lived climate pollutant emissions from international maritime transportation, including contributing to relevant meetings, and working and correspondence groups.
- Provided input to international partners in the preparation of papers related to a phased approach to developing operational energy efficiency measures, starting with a data collection system.
- As member of the MEPC Intersessional Working Group on Further Technical and Operational Measures for Enhancing Energy Efficiency of International Shipping, supported the continued development of legal text for a data collection system for the energy efficiency ( GHG emissions) of vessels engaged in international maritime shipping.
- Advanced MEPC's work plan considering the impact on the Arctic of black carbon emissions from international shipping through building consensus on a single definition of black carbon that was adopted by MEPC 68th session in May 2015.
- Provided significant input, including three papers and a lunchtime presentation at PPR 3 in February 2016, related to ongoing work on black carbon.
- Participated in Commission for Environmental Cooperation work, with the United States and Mexico, to collaboratively address air pollutant emissions from maritime shipping in North America.
- Participated in the development of the Polar Code, adopted by IMO in May 2015 and entering into force January 1, 2017 which will bring international measures for pollution prevention in polar waters in line with Canada's Arctic shipping regime, with limited differences, and will enhance safety measures for lifesaving, fire protection and other areas.
- Worked with other government departments, industry and academia to promote new technologies that have the potential to reduce emissions and improve ship energy efficiency. Project partners matched the Department's funding to develop technologies that could have a major impact on emissions from ships within the next five to 15 years, such as underwater hull cleaning and new propulsion technologies. Eighteen projects were funded this year.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of instruments that are aligned with domestic legislation or international standards | 100% by March 31, 2016 | 100% |
| Compliance with vessel emissions regulations | 100% by March 31, 2017 | 83%, based on deficiencies observed (deficiencies are mostly minor). |
| Number of research and development projects that identify potential technological solutions or establish that technologies are not feasible | 90% of projects advanced to a higher Technology Readiness Level or demonstrate that technology is not feasible | 100% |
| Number of industry/academia and government collaborations related to technology development | 70% of projects have collaboration with other relevant stakeholders | 60%
(Result slightly below target as we focused on market study and literature reviews of technologies that were completed with one partner instead of multiple partners.) |
| 2015–16 Planned Spending | 2015–16 Actual Expenditure |
|---|---|
| $4,098,933 | $2,722,217 |
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
|
1.1.35 - Address GHG emissions from the rail sector through the joint Canada– U.S. locomotive emissions initiative under the Regulatory Cooperation Council ( RCC ), a voluntary agreement with the Canadian rail industry and research activities to enhance understanding of new technologies to reduce GHG emissions. |
Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality Goal 1: Climate Change – In order to mitigate the effects of climate change, reduce GHG emission levels and adapt to unavoidable impacts. Target 1.1: Climate Change Mitigation - Relative to 2005 emission levels, reduce Canada's total GHG emissions by 17% by 2020.Footnote * |
|
2.1.26 - Address air pollutant emissions from the rail sector through locomotive regulations aligned with U.S. standards and research activities to enhance understanding of new technologies to reduce air pollutant emissions. |
Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality Goal 2: Air Pollution – Minimize the threats to air quality so that the air Canadians breathe is clean and supports healthy ecosystems. Target 2.1: Outdoor Air Pollutants - Improve outdoor air quality by ensuring compliance with new or amended regulated emission limits by 2020, thus reducing emissions of air pollutants in support of Air Quality Management System objectives. |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
Transport Canada addressed GHG emissions and air pollutant emissions from the rail sector through the following actions:
- Continued to develop Locomotive Emissions Regulations that will help to reduce criteria air contaminant emissions from locomotives in Canada.
- Extended the Memorandum of Understanding for reducing locomotive emissions with the Railway Association of Canada for an additional year through 2016.
- Released the 2013 Locomotive Emissions Monitoring Program Report in December 2015.
- Continued to develop a Canada–United States Voluntary Action Plan to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Locomotives with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in collaboration with key stakeholders.
- Worked with other government departments, industry and academia to promote new technologies that have the potential to reduce emissions and improve energy efficiency. Project partners matched the Department's funding to develop technologies that could have a major impact on emissions from the rail industry such as lighter materials, hybrid powertrains and more advanced electrical energy storage. Nine projects were funded this year.
- Continued to support the Clean Rail Academic Grant program, providing federal funding to academic research programs currently developing technologies and practices that aim to reduce air emissions from the rail sector. Research projects include investigating emissions reduction with the use of biodiesel fuel, railway electrification and ultra-low sulphur diesel fuel.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
| Number of voluntarily emission reduction agreements developed | One agreement by March 31, 2016 | The Memorandum of Understanding with the Rail Association of Canada was extended by one year to cover the 2011-2016 period. |
| Number of regulations developed | One regulation by March 31, 2016 | Locomotive Emissions were drafted. |
| Number of research and development projects that identify potential technological solutions or establish that technologies are not feasible | 90% of projects advanced to a higher Technology Readiness Level or demonstrate that technology is not feasible | 100% |
| Number of industry/academia and government collaborations related to technology development | 70% of projects have collaboration with other relevant stakeholders | 78% |
| 2015-16 Planned Spending | 2015–16 Actual Expenditure |
|---|---|
| $2,909,657 | $1,406,638 |
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
|
1.1.33 - Develop and implement GHG emission regulations for light-duty vehicles (for model years 2017–2025) and heavy-duty vehicles (for model years 2014–2018) under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, which will align with those of the United States |
Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality Goal 1: Climate Change – In order to mitigate the effects of climate change, reduce GHG emission levels and adapt to unavoidable impacts. Target 1.1: Climate Change Mitigation - Relative to 2005 emission levels, reduce Canada's total GHG emissions by 17% by 2020.Footnote * |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
- Completed the heavy-duty vehicles emissions model to improve ability to provide timely impacts analysis and evidence-based policy advice related to regulatory and complementary emission reduction measures.
- Continued analysis of costs for the introduction of new technologies and GHG emissions implications of potential complementary measures to reduce emissions from light- and heavy-duty vehicles, as needed.
- In collaboration with the National Research Council, reviewed and tested the safety aspects of vehicle electrical energy storage systems.
- Worked with the provinces and territories, updated and/or created new safety standards and/or codes for the safe use of alternative fuels for motor vehicles.
- Worked in collaboration with the United States National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the United Nations World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (UN WP. 29) to develop and update international regulations related to tire safety, hydrogen safety and the safety of electrical energy storage systems for electric and hybrid vehicles.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
|
Percentage of instruments that are aligned with domestic legislation or international standards |
100% by March 31, 2016 |
100%
|
|
Transportation emission intensity (Percentage change in intensity as measured in tonnes per unit of activity, e.g., tonnes-km, tonnes per hour, tonne per call etc.) |
An intensity improvement that is consistent with the plan established under the government's horizontal approach for clean air. |
From 2005 to 2013 (latest year for which data is available): Passenger transportation, not including off-road equipment (57% of transportation GHG emissions in 2013): GHG emissions intensity decreased by 11% from 142 grams to 126 grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per passenger-km. Freight transportation (36% of transportation emissions in 2013): GHG emissions intensity increased by 11% from 84 grams to 93 grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per tonne-km, due mainly to the increasing use of trucks to move goods. |
| 2015–16 Planned Spending | 2015–16 Actual Expenditure |
|---|---|
| $1,756,078 | $1,324,915 |
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
|
1.1.31 - Quantify the carbon ( GHG ) footprint of Canada's strategic gateways and trade corridors. |
Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality Goal 1: Climate Change – In order to mitigate the effects of climate change, reduce GHG emission levels and adapt to unavoidable impacts. Target 1.1: Climate Change Mitigation - Relative to 2005 emission levels, reduce Canada's total GHG emissions by 17% by 2020.Footnote * |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
Through the Gateway Carbon Footprint Initiative, Transport Canada quantified the carbon footprint of Canada's Asia-Pacific and Continental gateways and trade corridors by creating an inventory of existing information sources, developing and implementing data gathering and processing, and generating and organizing data to quantify the carbon performance of moving containers from origins in Asia and Europe through to final Canadian or American destination cities. The pilot phase of the initiative completed in 2014-15. Specific accomplishment in 2015–16 include the following:
- Discussions with stakeholders in order to take stock of ongoing interest in the initiative, data needs, and potential areas for improvement.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
| Number of gateways and their supply chain components for which the emission intensity and aggregate GHG emissions are assessed. | Carbon footprint of the strategic gateways (for which data is available) quantified by March 31, 2016 | Two of three gateways had data available by March 31, 2016 and were assessed. In particular, the carbon footprint work leveraged data from Transport Canada's fluidity project, which covers the Asia-Pacific (Ports of Metro Vancouver and Prince Rupert) and Continental (Port of Montreal) gateways, but does not currently cover the Port of Halifax (remaining containerized traffic gateway). |
| 2015–16 Planned Spending | 2015–16 Actual Expenditure |
|---|---|
| $239,838 | $117,467 |
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
|
1.1.26 - Address GHG emissions through testing and evaluation of advanced vehicle technologies to support the development of regulations and industry codes and standards, in order to ensure that new technologies that reduce GHG emissions can be introduced in Canada in a safe and timely manner. |
Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality Goal 1: Climate Change – In order to mitigate the effects of climate change, reduce
GHG
emission levels and adapt to unavoidable impacts.
|
|
2.1.6 - Address air pollutant emissions through testing and evaluation of advanced vehicle technologies to support the development of regulations and industry codes and standards, in order to ensure that new technologies that reduce air pollutant emissions can be introduced in Canada in a safe and timely manner. |
Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality Goal 2: Air Pollution – Minimize the threats to air quality so that the air Canadians breathe is clean and supports healthy ecosystems. Target 2.1: Outdoor Air Pollutants - Improve outdoor air quality by ensuring compliance with new or amended regulated emission limits by 2020, thus reducing emissions of air pollutants in support of Air Quality Management System objectives. |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
The ecoTECHNOLOGY for Vehicles II program ( eTV II ) is an integrated technical assessment initiative that provides the knowledge base required to develop proactive safety and environmental regulatory approaches for new technologies.
The initiative also supports Transport Canada's participation in efforts to align codes, standards and regulations nationally, continentally and internationally, as well as with non-regulatory authorities. Increased alignment will expand the market for Canadian vehicle technology innovations and allow technology developers to design a more predictable set of standards. Specific accomplishments in 2015–16 include the following:
- Conducted an annual review of the program's technology and environmental scan to update/revise technology focus, resulting in the addition of new technology focus areas, including heavy-duty vehicle 6 x 2 axle technology and connected and automated vehicles,
- Priority projects in 2015-16 included assessing the safety and environmental performances of:
- aerodynamic technologies for passenger cars and heavy trucks;
- alternative fuels (i.e. natural gas, biofuel);
- connected and automated vehicles, and;
- electric vehicles.
- eTV II delivered 14 testing and evaluation activities to provide technical input, recommendations and advice or to provide technical papers to support the development of advanced technology vehicle codes, protocols, guidelines and related instruments. This included a multi-year study with Environment and Climate Change Canada and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency that examined the feasibility of reducing mass from a pick-up truck. The study demonstrated that a 20% mass reduction is feasible to achieve improved fuel economy and reduced emissions, while simultaneously obtaining good results in the most severe crashworthiness tests.
- The Program also completed a 'world-class' wind tunnel evaluation of 96 different configurations of heavy-duty vehicle aerodynamic technologies, including trailer side-skirts and truck boat-tails. This cutting-edge test program was designed to replicate real-world driving conditions inside a laboratory environment, and as a result, provides some of the most accurate assessments of truck aerodynamic technologies ever achieved.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
| Number of technologies/vehicles tested/evaluated | Greater than or equal to five by March 31, 2016 | 100% achieved – 14 testing and evaluation projects were delivered by eTV II in 2015-16 |
| 2015–16 Planned Spending | 2015–16 Actual Expenditure |
|---|---|
| $7,727,223 | $5,847,796 |
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
|
1.1.22 - Address GHG emissions by supporting the deployment of truck reservation systems at port and terminal facilities to improve efficiency in the movement of trucks into and out of terminal facilities at container ports and reduce truck idling. |
Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality Goal 1: Climate Change – In order to mitigate the effects of climate change, reduce GHG emission levels and adapt to unavoidable impacts. Target 1.1: Climate Change Mitigation - Relative to 2005 emission levels, reduce Canada's total GHG emissions by 17% by 2020.Footnote * |
|
2.1.7 - Address air pollutant emissions by supporting the deployment of truck reservation systems at port and terminal facilities to improve efficiency in the movement of trucks into and out of terminal facilities at container ports and reduce truck idling. |
Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality Goal 2: Air Pollution – Minimize the threats to air quality so that the air Canadians breathe is clean and supports healthy ecosystems. Target 2.1: Outdoor Air Pollutants - Improve outdoor air quality by ensuring compliance with new or amended regulated emission limits by 2020, thus reducing emissions of air pollutants in support of Air Quality Management System objectives. |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
The Truck Reservation Systems Program assessed ways to deploy innovative technology applications and improve operational practices that can help increase efficiency and environmental sustainability for port terminal and trucking fleet operators. Specific accomplishments in 2015–16 include the following:
- Signed two contribution agreements with the Logistics and Transportation Metropolitan Cluster of Montreal (CargoM). The first project is the installation of Global Positioning System ( GPS ) devices on trucks to better track drayage movements at the Port of Montreal and its surrounding logistics hubs. The second project is the introduction of a Fast Lane at the Port of Montreal. Together, both projects allow for improved efficiency in the movement of trucks into and out of terminal facilities at container ports, as well as the surrounding logistics hubs, and reduce truck idling.
- Continued to monitor the progress of two multi-year projects at the Port of Montreal and Port Metro Vancouver to reduce emissions at the respective ports. The Port of Montreal project includes the installation of radio frequency identification technology to improve intermodal access and truck traffic flow, thereby reducing overall congestion and emissions at the port. The Port Metro Vancouver project includes the implementation of a system to integrate drayage operations across the port's four container terminals, allowing for more efficient coordination and scheduling of trucking movements.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
| Clean transportation technologies implemented by users | Ten technologies by March 31, 2016
(Target shared with the Shore Power Technology for Ports Program (implementation strategies 1.124 and 2.1.8)) |
Four of 17 technologies implemented
|
| 2015–16 Planned Spending | 2015–16 Actual Expenditure |
|---|---|
| $1,932,395 | $126,408 |
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
|
1.1.24 - Address GHG emissions from the marine sector by funding the installation of marine shore power facilities at Canadian ports. |
Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality Goal 1: Climate Change – In order to mitigate the effects of climate change, reduce GHG emission levels and adapt to unavoidable impacts. Target 1.1: Climate Change Mitigation - Relative to 2005 emission levels, reduce Canada's total GHG emissions by 17% by 2020.Footnote * |
|
2.1.8 - Address air pollutant emissions from the marine sector by funding the installation of marine shore power facilities at Canadian ports. |
Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality Goal 2: Air Pollution – Minimize the threats to air quality so that the air Canadians breathe is clean and supports healthy ecosystems. Target 2.1: Outdoor Air Pollutants - Improve outdoor air quality by ensuring compliance with new or amended regulated emission limits by 2020, thus reducing emissions of air pollutants in support of Air Quality Management System objectives. |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
The cost-shared funding for the deployment of marine shore power technology at Canadian ports allows ships access to the local electrical grid to power the vessel rather than using their auxiliary diesel engines when docked. Specific accomplishments in 2015–16 include the following:
- Two projects were successfully completed in 2015-16, specially projects with the Port of Halifax and British Columbia Ferry Services.
- Two additional projects approved for funding in 2014-15 are still under construction: one project with the Montreal Port Authority for cruise ships at the Alexandra pier; and a project with Port Metro Vancouver for two container ship terminals (Centerm and Delta Port).
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
|
Clean transportation technologies implemented by users |
Ten technologies by March 31, 2016
|
13 out of 17 technologies implemented In 2015-16 new shore power systems were in operation at three locations and existing systems were upgraded at ten other locations. Port of Halifax is now offering shore power to cruise ships; BC Ferry Services has new systems at two locations and has upgraded existing installations at ten locations. Since program inception, the Shore Power Technology for Ports Program contributed to the implementation and upgrade of 18 shore power systems across Canada. |
| 2015–16 Planned Spending | 2015–16 Actual Expenditure |
|---|---|
| $10,060,734 | $2,830,382 |
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
|
1.2.10 - Support the development and testing of innovative science-based tools and technologies to help improve the resiliency and adaptability of existing and future northern transportation infrastructure and Arctic marine operations. |
Theme I - Addressing Climate Change and Air Quality Goal 1: Climate Change – In order to mitigate the effects of climate change, reduce GHG emission levels and adapt to unavoidable impacts. Target 1.2.: Climate Change Adaptation - Facilitate reduced vulnerability of individuals, communities, regions and economic sectors to the impacts of climate change through the development and provision of information and tools. |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
- Continued to advance collaborative engagements between governments, northern transportation planners/practitioners, academia and the private sector by supporting nine ongoing contribution agreements and nine ongoing knowledge gap studies.
- Increased the dissemination of research results to support better coordination of adaptation actions in Northern transportation. This included leading two webinar sessions, supporting presentations of research results at conferences and organizing two northern workshops for the Networks of Expertise on Permafrost (in Nunavik) and Arctic Shipping (in Nunavut).
- Undertook a climate change vulnerability assessment of three northern airports (Churchill Airport, Inuvik Mike Zubko Airport, and Cambridge Bay Airport), as a way to better understand climate change impacts and adaptation needs for these pieces of infrastructure.
- A final report on drainage conditions in response to permafrost degradation under 07-25 airstrip was produced as well as a storm water management plan. A Synthesis report summarizing "lessons learned" during the Northern Transportation Air Initiative in the last five years was also delivered. This synthesis summarizes the project reports, explains project challenges and discusses potential solutions in order to adapt Kuujjuaq airport infrastructure to the changing climate conditions. These results are meeting expectations since the data obtained will be used by airport operations to plan future airstrip pavement projects.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Grant/Contribution Agreements Involving Multiple Collaborators (aside from federal government) | 100% by March 31, 2016 | 100% |
| Number of individuals, organizations or sectors supported to participate in technical exchanges, including workshops, conferences, training seminars, and other related exchange activities | 25 by March 31, 2016 | 26 |
| Number of analyses, assessments and research reports performed on specific transportation infrastructure, technologies and operations | Four by March 31, 2016 | 21 |
| Number of tools and technologies evaluated and/or developed for the adaptation of transportation infrastructure and operations to climate change | One by March 31, 2016 | 5 |
| Number of meetings, workshops and conferences hosted or facilitated to support partnerships and networking activities | Five by March 31, 2016 | 5 |
| 2015–16 Planned Spending | 2015–16 Actual Expenditure |
|---|---|
| $2,271,010 | $2,451,367 |
Theme II - Maintaining Water Quality and Availability
Marine shipping is critical to Canada's economy, and the movement of goods by sea is becoming increasingly important as trade with Asia and other international trading partners continues to grow. A dominant feature of marine transportation is its international dimension, which shapes policy and the regulatory and competitive environment. These conditions underpin the need for largely international governance of marine issues, in marine safety and environmental issues in particular, which is done mainly through the International Maritime Organization.
The movement of goods by sea carries with it a range of possible environmental consequences for the marine environment and water quality. For example, accidental oil spills in the marine environment are prominent in the public eye when they occur and have immediate and obvious negative consequences for the environment and the health of local communities. Water-borne spills of hazardous and noxious substances can also cause serious damage to human health and the environment.
Transport Canada develops and administers policies, regulations and programs to protect the marine environment, reduce the impact on the environment of marine pollution incidents in Canadian waters and promote the safety of the general public.
Transport Canada's Commitments
Under Theme II - Maintaining Water Quality and Availability, Transport Canada contributed to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy through Goal 3: Water Quality and Quantity, details of which can be found in the table below.
Transport Canada's implementation strategies have been organized according to the appropriate Sub-Program in the Department's Program Alignment Architecture. This means that Transport Canada's Theme II implementation strategies are linked to two different Sub-Programs - 2.2.1 - Clean Water Regulatory Framework and 2.2.2 - Clean Water Regulatory Oversight.
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
| 3.8.1 - Set the legal and regulatory frameworks through domestic legislation and international conventions that govern the protection of the marine environment from pollution and the introduction of invasive species and the environmental impact of pollution incidents, and advance Canadian positions on reducing and managing global marine pollution from ships. | Theme II – Maintaining Water Quality and Availability
Goal 3: Water Quality and Water Quantity – Protect and enhance water so that it is clean, safe and secure for all Canadians and supports healthy ecosystems. Target 3.8: Marine Pollution – Releases of Harmful Pollutants - Protect the marine environment by an annual 5% reduction in the number of releases of harmful pollutants in the marine environment by vessels identified during pollution patrol from 2013–2016. |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
Technology plays a key role in both preventing pollution and responding to incidents. By setting legal and regulatory frameworks domestically via international conventions and by administering regulations and carrying out research and development, Transport Canada aims to attain the highest possible levels of protection for the environment. Specific accomplishments in 2015–16 include the following:
- Engaged international partners in discussions at the International Maritime Organization ( IMO ) relating to the implementation of the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments, 2004. Canada's international engagement has focused on an environmentally protective, fair and practicable implementation that facilitates marine transportation and trade.
- Continued to utilize the National Aerial Surveillance Program ( NASP ) to monitor waters under Canadian jurisdiction by acting as a deterrent to potential polluters who transit them. Sometimes radio calls or overflights at low altitudes are done to inform and/or remind the shipping community about Transport Canada's surveillance activities.
- Achieved a total of 2,932 patrol hours, 17,247 vessel overflights and 224,734 vessels were monitored through the Automated Identification System.
- Observed or responded to 381 pollution incidents, of which 50 were of a known source and the remaining 331 were from sources that could not be positively identified. The volume of these incidents totalled 7,972 litres. When spills are observed during NASP patrols, they are forwarded to the appropriate authorities for further investigation.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of instruments that are aligned with domestic legislation and/or adopted international standards | 95% by March 31, 2017 | 100% |
| Compliance with regulations | 100% by March 31, 2017 | 83%, based on deficiencies observed (deficiencies are mostly minor). |
| Proposal of an update to the Ballast Water Control and Management Regulations to fully implement the Ballast Water Management Convention | Publication of proposed regulations in the Canada Gazette, Part I by March 31, 2016 | Regulatory amendments remain under development. Proposed regulations are sought by March 31, 2017. |
| Proposal of an update to the Vessel Pollution and Dangerous Chemicals Regulations to reflect new international standards | Publication of proposed regulations in the Canada Gazette, Part I by March 31, 2016 | Regulatory amendments remain under development. Proposed regulations are sought by March 31, 2017. |
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
| 3.8.2 - Contribute to reducing pollution from vessels by monitoring compliance of marine transportation firms with Canadian legislation, such as the Canada Shipping Act, 2001, through the National Aerial Surveillance Program, inspections, audits, monitoring, and enforcement. | Theme II – Maintaining Water Quality and Availability
Goal 3: Water Quality and Water Quantity – Protect and enhance water so that it is clean, safe and secure for all Canadians and supports healthy ecosystems. Target 3.8: Marine Pollution – Releases of Harmful Pollutants - Protect the marine environment by annually reducing the number of releases of harmful pollutants by 5% in the marine environment by vessels identified during pollution patrol from 2013–2016. |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
In 2015–16, Transport Canada achieved the following:
- Committed to protecting the marine environment by contributing to the reduction of water pollution from transportation activity by the NASP pollution surveillance aircraft to patrol over all waters under Canadian jurisdiction and continued to deter potential polluters who transit these waters.
- Achieved a total of 2,932 patrol hours, 17,247 vessel overflights and 224,734 vessels were monitored through the Automated Identification System. Surveillance officers observed or responded to 381 pollution incidents totalling 7,972 litres, of which 50 were of a known source and the remaining 331 were from sources that could not be positively identified. It should be noted, that a large majority of these spills were of less than 10 litres. Due to the capability of the sophisticated surveillance equipment on board the aircraft, operators can detect spills of less than a litre.
- Supported the Department of National Defence in 25 Search and Rescue incidents as a secondary resource.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of vessels in compliance with the regulatory framework for environmental response regime | 95% by March 31, 2017 | 97% compliance observed |
| Percentage of vessels in compliance with Ballast Water Control and Management Regulations reporting rules | 95% by March 31, 2017 | 95% observed overall, with 100% for overseas vessels entering the St. Lawrence Seaway and the Great Lakes. |
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
| 3.8.3. Enhancing marine safety, including national ship-source oil spill preparedness and response regime. This includes increased tanker inspections and aerial surveillance, and the public port designation of Kitimat to enhance vessel traffic control. | Theme II – Maintaining Water Quality and Availability
Goal 3: Water Quality and Water Quantity – Protect and enhance water so that it is clean, safe and secure for all Canadians and supports healthy ecosystems. Target 3.8: Marine Pollution – Releases of Harmful Pollutants - Protect the marine environment by annually reducing the number of releases of harmful pollutants by 5% in the marine environment by vessels identified during pollution patrol from 2013–2016. |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
Transport Canada achieved the following:
- Continued surveillance patrols of vessels transiting in waters under Canadian jurisdiction. The NASP aircraft flew 2,932 patrol hours, overflew 17,427 vessels and monitored 224,734 vessels through the Automated Identification System. Surveillance officers observed or responded to 381 pollution incidents totalling 7,972 litres, of which 50 were of a known source and the remaining 331 were from sources that could not be positively identified.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of instruments that are aligned with domestic legislation and/or adopted international standards | 95% by March 31, 2017 | 100% |
| Percentage of foreign-flagged ships that are inspected | 100% by March 31, 2016 | 79% of tankers were inspected. Vessels inspected on the basis of risks. 1,250 vessels inspected. |
| Increased aerial surveillance over Canadian waters | 3,400 hours by March 31, 2018 | 2,942 |
Theme III - Protecting Nature and Canadians
Canada has one of the longest navigable coastlines in the world, from the St. Lawrence Seaway and Great Lakes to the Atlantic, Arctic and Pacific oceans. A significant increase in worldwide shipping traffic and the corresponding amount of ballast water discharged by these vessels has resulted in an increase in alien species introductions.
Commercial shipping cannot operate without ballast water, which provides balance and stability to ships. Water is pumped into the ballast tanks when a vessel is departing a port of origin and released when it takes on cargo at another port. Over the past 30 years, there has been growing international recognition of potential problems associated with the discharge of ships' ballast water.
The introduction and spread of alien invasive species is a serious problem that has ecological, economic, health and environmental impacts, including loss of native biological diversity. Species are considered alien if they are not native to a given ecosystem. Alien species are considered to be invasive when their introduction causes, or is likely to cause, harm to the environment, the economy or to human health.
Ballast water is important for the safety and stability of ships, but contains aquatic plants and animals that can introduce potentially invasive species, like the zebra mussel. In 2006, Canada implemented regulations to address this issue which will be strengthened following Canada's recent ratification of the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments, 2004. In 2016–17, TC will continue to work closely with the United States, international partners, and stakeholders to ensure that ballast water regulations remain fair, practicable, and environmentally protective, and towards implementing the Convention in Canadian regulations.
For more information on the Canadian Ballast Water Program, please visit Transport Canada's website.
Transport Canada's Commitment
Under Theme III - Protecting Nature and Canadians, Transport Canada contributed to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy through Goal 4: Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians. Details on performance against specific goals can be found in the summary table below.
Transport Canada's implementation strategies have been organized according to the appropriate Program and Sub-Program in the Department's Program Alignment Architecture. This means that Transport Canada's Theme III implementation strategies are linked to two different Sub-Programs - 2.2.1 - Clean Water Regulatory Framework and 2.2.2 - Clean Water Regulatory Oversight and two Programs - 2.3 - Environmental Stewardship of Transportation and 3.5 - Transportation of Dangerous Goods.
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
| 4.6.6 - Implement the vessel-related invasive species provisions of the 2012 Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement through policy, regulations, research and enforcement actions. | Theme III – Protecting Nature and Canadians
Goal 4: Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians – Resilient ecosystems with healthy wildlife populations so that Canadians can enjoy the benefits of natural spaces, resources and ecological services for generations to come. Target 4.6: Invasive Alien Species - By 2020, pathways of invasive alien species introduction are identified and risk-based intervention or management plans are in place for priority pathways and species. |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
Transport Canada achieved the following:
- As agreed in the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, Transport Canada worked towards implementing the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments, 2004 and its associated guidance. Transport Canada continues to work closely with its U.S. counterparts—including bilaterally through annual meetings of the authorities responsible for vessel discharges under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement and at the International Maritime Organization—towards maintaining environmentally protective, compatible, fair, and practicable ballast water requirements in both countries.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of vessels in compliance with Ballast Water Control and Management Regulations reporting rules | 95% by March 31, 2017 | 95% observed overall, with 100% for overseas vessels entering the St. Lawrence Seay way and the Great Lakes. |
| Canadian compliance with obligations for invasive species under 2012 Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement | 95% by March 31, 2017 | 100% |
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
| 4.6.5 - Implement conventions and guidelines of the IMO related to reducing the risk of aquatic species invasions into domestic regulations. | Theme III – Protecting Nature and Canadians
Goal 4: Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians – Resilient ecosystems with healthy wildlife populations so that Canadians can enjoy the benefits of natural spaces, resources and ecological services for generations to come. Target 4.6: Invasive Alien Species - By 2020, pathways of invasive alien species introduction are identified, and risk-based intervention or management plans are in place for priority pathways and species. |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
In 2015–16, Transport Canada achieved the following:
- Continued to work with stakeholders and regulators in Canada, the U.S. , and internationally to seek an environmentally protective, fair, and practicable implementation of ballast water requirements which facilitate marine transportation and trade.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of vessels in compliance with Ballast Water Control and Management Regulations reporting rules | 95% by March 31, 2017 | 95% observed overall, with 100% for overseas vessels entering the St. Lawrence Seay way and the Great Lakes. |
| Proposal of an update to the Ballast Water Control and Management Regulations to fully implement the ballast water convention | Publication of proposed regulations in the Canada Gazette, Part I by March 31, 2016 | Regulatory amendments remain under development. Proposed regulations are sought by March 31, 2017. |
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
| 4.6.9 - Cooperate with U.S. and international regulators to inspect vessels to ensure compliance with Canadian regulations. (Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Transport Canada) | Theme III – Protecting Nature and Canadians
Goal 4: Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians – Resilient ecosystems with healthy wildlife populations so that Canadians can enjoy the benefits of natural spaces, resources and ecological services for generations to come. Target 4.6: Invasive Alien Species - By 2020, pathways of invasive alien species introductions are identified, and risk-based intervention or management plans are in place for priority pathways and species. |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
Transport Canada achieved the following:
- Carried out inspections with the U.S. Coast Guard, the St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation and the St. Lawrence Seaway Management Corporation to inspect 100% of vessels entering the Seaway from overseas.
- Carried out inspections in Canadian ports to verify compliance with the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships and Canadian requirements under the Vessel Pollution and Dangerous Chemicals Regulations.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of vessels in compliance with Ballast Water Control and Management Regulations reporting rules | 95% by March 31, 2017 | 95% observed overall, with 100% for overseas vessels entering the St. Lawrence Seaway and the Great Lakes. |
| Percentage of vessels in compliance with regulatory framework for pollution prevention regime | 95% by March 31, 2017 | 83%, based on deficiencies observed (deficiencies are mostly minor). |
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
| 4.8.1 - Implement the Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan and complete remediation and risk management activities at known high priority federal contaminated sites. |
Theme III – Protecting Nature and Canadians Goal 4: Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians – Resilient ecosystems with healthy wildlife populations so that Canadians can enjoy the benefits of natural spaces, resources and ecological services for generations to come. Target 4.8: Chemicals Management - Reduce risks to Canadians and impacts on the environment and human health posed by the release of harmful substances. |
| Transport Canada reported on its 2015-16 contaminated sites effort through the Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan annual reports, which can be found at: http://www.federalcontaminatedsites.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=B15E990A-1. | |
| Implementation Strategy | Contribution to the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy ( FSDS ) |
|---|---|
4.7.4 - In accordance with mandated responsibilities, provide environmental and/or other information to reduce the risk of, and provide advice in response to, the occurrence of events, such as polluting incidents, wildlife disease events or severe weather, and other significant hydro-meteorological events as applicable.
|
Theme III – Protecting Nature and Canadians
Goal 4: Conserving and Restoring Ecosystems, Wildlife and Habitat, and Protecting Canadians – Resilient ecosystems with healthy wildlife populations so that Canadians can enjoy the benefits of natural spaces, resources and ecological services for generations to come. Target 4.7: Environmental Disasters, Incidents and Emergencies - Environmental disasters, incidents and emergencies are prevented or their impacts mitigated. |
Performance Summary in 2015–16
In 2015–16, Transport Canada achieved the following:
- In June 2015, published in the Canada Gazette, Part I, regulations to enable the efficient collection of data and improve risk analysis related to dangerous goods incidents. The proposal also harmonizes with the United States the way incident data are collected.
- In May 2015, published in the Canada Gazette, Part II, a new tank car standard for the transportation of flammable liquids by rail. The new tank standard responded to recommendation from the Transportation Safety Board and was jointly developed with the United States to ensure the seamless transportation of flammable liquids by rail between the two countries given the integrated nature of the North American rail system.
| Performance Indicators | Targets | Results Achieved |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of new or amended regulatory requirements that are made to seek harmonization with international regulations | 85% by March 31, 2016 |
85%
|
Sustainable Development Management System
Transport Canada's Departmental Sustainable Development Strategy provides information on:
- Sustainable development and transportation;
- What this means for Transport Canada; and
- Departmental decision making and sustainable development.
Sustainable development and transportation
Transportation takes place within a complex web of human and physical interactions and conditions. Trends in the environment, the economy and society affect the nature and scale of transportation activities, the impacts of those activities, and our responses to those impacts. The nature and volume of trade drives the demand for freight transportation. Similarly, the size of the population, its habits, income levels, the cost of energy and land use patterns affect passenger travel.
Transportation is fundamental to Canada's economic prosperity and Canadians' quality of life. To enhance our quality of life, we need to ensure that our system is safe, secure and environmentally responsible. To maintain and enhance our competitiveness, we must ensure our transportation system is efficient and able to adapt to new challenges as they arise.
To preserve and strengthen Canada's transportation system, transportation policy must provide a framework that addresses the three elements of sustainable transportation - social, economic and environmental. It must also give carriers the opportunity to adapt, innovate, compete and serve shippers and travellers in a way that takes into account each of these elements. The fundamental policy challenge is to find the right balance among these three elements.
Canada's size and dependence on international trade make transportation very important to Canadians. Transportation––by land, water and air––links Canadians to each other and Canada with the world. Transportation has a wide range of impacts on the economy, our society and the environment. While many of these impacts are positive (e.g., supporting economic growth; moving people to their destinations and goods to markets; providing jobs; supporting mobility; enabling human contact), there are negative impacts that need also need to be considered (e.g., emissions; materials and energy resource use; possibility of spills and leaks; impacts on land use).
What this means for Transport Canada
Transport Canada is responsible for the Government of Canada's transportation policies and programs. While not directly responsible for all aspects or modes of transportation, the Department plays a leadership role to ensure that all parts of the transportation system work together effectively. Transport Canada leads Canada's efforts in addressing environmental issues from the rail, marine and aviation sectors. For example, under the legislative authority of the Railway Safety Act, the Canada Shipping Act, 2001 and the Aeronautics Act, Transport Canada contributes to reducing air emissions from transportation by creating and implementing regulatory regimes.
Our Vision - A transportation system in Canada that is recognized worldwide as safe and secure, efficient and environmentally responsible.
The Department's vision of a sustainable transportation system is one that integrates and balances social, economic and environmental objectives. This vision is guided by the following principles:
- highest possible safety and security of life and property, guided by performance-based standards and regulations when necessary;
- efficient movement of people and goods to support economic prosperity and a sustainable quality of life based on competitive markets and the targeted use of regulation and government funding; and
- respect for the environmental legacy of future generations of Canadians, guided by environmental assessment and planning processes in transportation decisions and the selective use of regulation and government funding.
Transport Canada's decision making and sustainable development
In line with the federal approach, Transport Canada's sustainable development planning and reporting is linked with the federal government's core expenditure planning and reporting system under the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy. This integration occurs through two primary planning and reporting vehicles:
- Report on Plans and Priorities - Objectives and plans that contribute to the FSDS are highlighted in Transport Canada's annual Reports on Plans and Priorities.
- Departmental Performance Report - Transport Canada reports progress against its FSDS implementation strategies in its annual Departmental Performance Reports.
The following are some other key examples of how Transport Canada is integrating sustainable development into its decision-making:
- Strategic Environmental Assessments ( SEAs );
- Transport Canada's National Environmental Management System.
Strategic Environmental Assessment
During the 2015–16 reporting cycle, Transport Canada considered the environmental effects of initiatives subject to the Cabinet Directive on the Environmental Assessment of Policy, Plan and Program Proposals, as part of its decision-making processes.
SEAs evaluate the environmental effects of a proposed policy, plan or program and its alternatives and informs decision making through a careful analysis of environmental risks and opportunities.
As required by the Guidelines for Implementing the Cabinet Directive on the Environmental Assessment of Policy, Plan and Program Proposals, all departments are required to consider FSDS goals and targets when undertaking SEAs and report on the results of their Strategic Environmental Assessments in their Departmental Performance Reports.
The SEA guidelines are designed to improve the transparency of environmental decision making in the following ways:
- Departments and agencies describe the impact of their initiatives on the FSDS goals and targets in their SEA public statements; and
- Departments and agencies report on the extent and results of their SEAs in their year-end performance report, including how initiatives are expected to affect progress toward the FSDS goals and targets.
During the first FSDS period (2010–2013), in order to reflect the above-mentioned changes to the Guidelines, Transport Canada updated its internal SEA process and supporting materials, including the departmental SEA Policy Statement, guidance and training documents, tools, website and correspondence products. All of these updates were completed by March 2011.
On April 1, 2013, Transport Canada introduced a new internal tool called the Sustainable Transportation Assessment Tool, which replaces the former SEA preliminary scan. Transport Canada now requires all potential policies, plans or programs to consider possible effects on the economy, on society and on the environment. The Sustainable Transportation Assessment Tool also includes specific questions to assess possible impacts on FSDS goals and targets.
By asking these kinds of questions early in the design and development of proposals, it is anticipated that risks and opportunities will be better identified and managed, potential impacts across the Department's strategic outcomes will be considered and economic, social and environmental considerations will be better integrated into departmental decision making.
Transport Canada publishes the results of its SEAs when an initiative is announced or approved, demonstrating that environmental factors are integrated into the decision-making process.
Transport Canada will also continue to report on the following activities and performance measures in the Departmental Sustainable Development Strategy:
- Number of approved proposals submitted by Transport Canada to Cabinet or Treasury Board and subject to departmental SEA requirements (Memoranda to Cabinet, Treasury Board Submissions, Regulatory Amendments);
- Number of proposals for which a detailed SEA was completed and how it contributed towards Federal Sustainable Development goals and targets;
- Transport Canada's overall SEA compliance (%); subject to the departmental SEA requirements).
| 2015–16 Progress | Number of approved proposals submitted by Transport Canada to Cabinet or Treasury Board, and subject to departmental Strategic Environmental Assessment requirements |
|---|---|
| Memoranda to Cabinet | 11 |
| Treasury Board Submissions | 5 |
| Regulatory Amendments | 35 |
| Number of proposals for which a detailed SEA was completed and how it contributed towards Federal Sustainable Development goals and targets | 0 |
| Transport Canada's overall Strategic Environmental Assessment Compliance | 76% |