Safe Float Flying - PowerPoint Presentation

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Slide 1

Safe Float Flying

Plan your Way Out Before You Plan Your Way In!

 

Slide 3

MOST COMMON OCCURENCES BY PHASE OF FLIGHT (T/O CRUISE)

34%

• Loss of Control

• Engine Failure

• Stalls

• Collision with submerged obstacles

• Fuel (mismanagement, contamination)

• Improper load

  • c of g out / overloaded external loads

  • *-poor selection of t/o & landing areas (too short)

 

 

Slide 4

 

 

MOST COMMON OCCURENCES BY PHASE OF FLIGHT (ENROUTE)

23%

• C.F.I.T.

  • Controlled flight into terrain

  • collisions with obstructions towers etc.

• Loss of Situational -awareness:

  • usually caused by deteriorating wx

  • insufficient wx brfg.

  • Unfamiliar with local geography

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MOST COMMON OCCURENCES BY PHASE (LANDGS &APPRCH) 34%

34%

• Stalls

• Dragged wing tips (cartwheel)

• Nose over

• Hard landings

• Wheels down on landing

• Landing & t/o areas too short rough wind & water cond.’s

• Glassy water

• improper landing attitude

 

 

Slide 6

 

 

HARD LANDINGS

 

Slide 7

Amphibian Landing

 

 

 

Slide 8

 

 

COMMON OCCURENCES TAXIING PRE-FLT & POST FLT

15%

• Collision with submerged obstacles

• Loss of control while taxiing

• Manouvering area not checked

• Rough water strong cross winds

Slide 9

CHECK YOUR MANOUVERING AREA

• ENSURE THAT TAKE OFF & DEPARTURE PATHS ARE FREE FROM OBSTRUCTIONS

PLAN YOUR WAY OUT BEFORE YOUR WAY IN!!!

• About 50% of the accidents reviewed could have been prevented if the manouvering area had been checked prior to TO or landing

 

 

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Two Separate Issues

• Technical Issues – how to fly to avoid the problems

• Human Factors Issues – how to avoid the situations

Slide 11

Technical Issues

• What are the most common mistakes that you see?

• What advice do you want to give your fellow float plane pilots?

 

 

Slide 12

 

 

FUEL MANAGEMENT

• Filter all fuel from remote locations

• Sample before adding to aircraft

• Perform enroute fuel calculations.

• “Pre-” flight plan your trip, don’t plan as you go (winds, wx, fuel availability & grade.)

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AIRCRAFT LOADING

• Confirm within c of g and structural limits (mtow)

• If carrying external loads ensure that they are attached as per manual or manual ammendment ( boat racks)

• If you believe that you may be heavy;

  • carry extra airspeed

  • reduce angle of bank in turns

 

 

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Be Weather Wise

• Don’t push weather

• Familiarize yourself with significant towers and high terrain along route.

• Avoid flying in wx below 1000 feet

• Watch your attitude

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C.F.I.T.

CONTROLLED FLIGHT INTO TERRAIN

• Concentrate on flying the aircraft when in marginal wx. Or when in high traffic areas.

• Keep communications brief & to the point. Eliminate all unnecessary conversation.

• Be & stay aware of your situation, and surrounding geography

 

 

Slide 16

 

 

GLASSY WATER

• Don’t land in middle of lake

• If shoreline is free from submerged hazards; Land close to it.

• Avoid max t.o.w.’s for glassy water departures

• Allow extra room for glassy water landing

• Use “power-on” landing technique

• Allow for extra room in high temperatures

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TAXIING & MANOUVERING

• Sail or sail taxi in strong or gusty wind conditions

• Avoid having to taxi downwind in strong winds

• Use shorelines & other natural “windbreaks” to turn aircraft.

• Be “current concious”

• Clients & pax should be advised that they may have to move to where they can be picked up

 

 

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Human Factors Issues

• Why do people put themselves into the situations described?

  • High winds

  • Large waves

  • Over-gross

• Why do people land without checking for submerged objects?

Slide 19

Situations and Behaviour

• People react to situations in fairly predictable ways

  • Good Samaritan Study

  • Electric Shock Study

• Our personality is a factor in the kind of situation we put ourselves into

 

 

Slide 20

 

 

Error Producing Situations

• When you put yourself into stressful, fatiguing situations, you will react instinctively not rationally.

• When you stop thinking in terms of hazards, and how to minimize risk, you will become complacent.

• When you stop looking for information in a systematic, active manner, you will miss things.

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Case Study

 

 

 

Slide 22

 

 

Background Information

• Pilot

  • Private pilot

  • Licensed since 1966

  • Multi rating, Night rating

  • Previous accident in 1983

• Aircraft

  • Cessna 180H on EDO floats

  • Max weight 2820

  • Load =4 adult males, 30 imp. Gals. Mogas, outboard motor, fishing gear, tools, jerry can of fuel, collapsible boat lashed to the floats

  • Requires 3000 feet for TO and climb over 50’ obstacle

Slide 23

Background Information

• Operation

  • Day of fishing

  • Pax. were relatives

  • Pilot familiar with lake

  • Never operated into lake with more than 3 POB

  • Longest straight run is about 7000’

  • Departed Little Shuswap early AM, attempted departure from Tobe Lake at 2 PM

• Weather

  • Clear, sunny, 25ºC

  • 29.84”

  • Lake elevation 3900’, density alt. 6100’

  • wind from the east at 5 to 10 knots

 

 

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