Standard 428 – Conduct Of Flight Tests - Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs)

From: Transport Canada

Foreword

The Personnel Licensing and Training Standards, respecting the Conduct of Flight Tests, consist of the following Schedules:

(amended 2012/02/19)

Schedule 1 - Flight Test for the Issuance of a Passenger Carrying Rating – Ultra-light Aeroplane

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings,
    2. (ii) a Student Pilot Permit - Ultra-light Aeroplane, a pilot permit or a licence, and
    3. (iii) a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating - Ultra-light Aeroplane, or a Flight Instructor Rating – Aeroplane, dated within 30 days prior to the flight test, certifying that:
      1. (A) a pre-flight test evaluation was conducted with the candidate,
      2. (B) the candidate is considered to have reached a sufficient level of competency to undertake a flight test for the issuance of the Passenger-Carrying Rating – Ultra-light Aeroplane, and
      3. (C) the candidate is recommended for the flight test.
  2. (b) Before conducting a partial re-test following failure of a flight test, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a copy of the Flight Test Report for the previously failed flight test, and
    2. (ii) a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating - Ultra-light Aeroplane, or a Flight Instructor Rating - Aeroplane, dated within 60 days prior to the re-test, certifying that:
      1. (A) the candidate has received further training on the failed exercise(s),
      2. (B) the candidate is considered to be competent to successfully complete the flight test, and
      3. (C) the instructor recommends the candidate for the re-test.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

The candidate shall provide an aeroplane that:

  1. (a) is one of the following:
    1. (i) an ultra-light aeroplane (two or three axis control, weight shift control or powered parachute aircraft),
    2. (ii) an amateur-built aeroplane that meets the definition of a basic ultra-light aeroplane, or
    3. (iii) a certified aeroplane that meets the definition of a basic ultra-light aeroplane;
  2. (b) is adequately equipped to permit the candidate to conduct the manoeuvres required for the flight test and to permit the examiner to assess the candidate’s performance; and
  3. (c) meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1) and (2) of Standard 425 — Flight Training.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test, the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the aeroplane from a position where the pilot-in-command functions can be performed and to carry out the test as if there is no other crew member;
  2. (b) take no part in the operation of the aeroplane, except:
    1. (i) as required for the purpose of testing certain prescribed exercises, or
    2. (ii) where intervention is necessary in the interest of safety or to avoid unacceptable delay to other traffic; and
  3. (c) stop the flight test when unsafe airmanship or dangerous flying is displayed by the candidate, including failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to clear the area before and while performing visual manoeuvres.

4. Flight Test Performance

  1. (a) The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:
    1. (i) perform the required exercises in accordance with the performance criteria prescribed for the Passenger Carrying Rating - Ultra-light Aeroplane,
    2. (ii) complete all manoeuvres with smoothness and accuracy,
    3. (iii) demonstrate sound judgement and good airmanship,
    4. (iv) correctly apply aeronautical knowledge, and
    5. (v) demonstrate mastery of the aircraft at all times in such a manner that the successful outcome of a procedure or manoeuvre is never seriously in doubt.
  2. (b) Consideration shall be given to unavoidable deviations from the published criteria due to weather, traffic or other situations beyond the reasonable control of the candidate.
  3. (c) Allowing for deviations due to turbulent conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the aeroplane used, the following general performance tolerances apply:
    Altitude Normal flight
    Pilot navigation    		 ±100 feet
    ±200 feet
    Airspeed All flight regimes -0 to +10 mph

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance of a Passenger Carrying Rating - Ultra-light Aeroplane

Section 1 - Pre-Flight Operations
  1. a. Aircraft Familiarization
  2. b. Preparation for Flight
  3. c. Ancillary Controls
  4. d. Taxiing (and Canopy Inflation for Powered Parachutes)4
Section 2 - Airwork
  1. a. Take-off
  2. b. Stall
Section 3 - Navigation
  1. a. Pilot Navigation
Section 4 - Abnormal and Emergency Procedures
  1. a. Precautionary Landing
  2. b. Forced Landing
  3. c. Overshoot
  4. d. Emergency Procedures
Section 5 - Arrival and Landing
  1. a. The Circuit
  2. b. Approach and Landing
  3. c. Slipping (not an item for two axis control, powered parachutes or weight shift control)

Schedule 2 - Flight Test for the Issuance of a Recreational Pilot Permit - Aeroplane

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings,
    2. (ii) evidence that the candidate has received instruction on the same type of aeroplane to be used for the flight test, and
    3. (iii) a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating – Aeroplane, dated within 30 days prior to the flight test, certifying that:
      1. (A) a pre-flight test evaluation was conducted with the candidate,
      2. (B) the candidate is considered to have reached a sufficient level of competency to undertake a flight test for the issuance of the Recreational Pilot Permit - Aeroplane, and
      3. (C) the candidate is recommended for the flight test.
  2. (b) Before conducting a partial re-test following failure of a flight test, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a copy of the Flight Test Report for the previously failed flight test, and
    2. (ii) a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating - Aeroplane, dated within 30 days prior to the re-test, certifying that:
      1. (A) the candidate has received further training on the failed exercise(s),
      2. (B) the candidate is considered to be competent to successfully complete the flight test, and
      3. (C) the instructor recommends the candidate for the re-test.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

The candidate shall provide:

  1. (a) an aeroplane that:
    1. (i) is certified for all manoeuvres required for the flight test, and
    2. (ii) meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1) and (2) of Standard 425 — Flight Training; and
  2. (b) appropriate current aeronautical charts and the current Canada Flight Supplement.

    Information Note:
    For the purposes of the requirement of paragraph (a), the candidate may use an aeroplane for which a Special Certificate of Airworthiness has been issued and which is owner maintained.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the aeroplane from a position where the pilot-in-command functions can be performed and to carry out the test as if there is no other crew member;
  2. (b) take no part in the operation of the aeroplane except:
    1. (i) as required for the purpose of testing certain prescribed exercises, or
    2. (ii) where intervention is necessary in the interest of safety or to avoid unacceptable delay to other traffic; and
  3. (c) stop the flight test when unsafe airmanship or dangerous flying is displayed by the candidate, including failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to clear the area before and while performing visual manoeuvres.

4. Flight Test Performance

  1. (a) The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:
    1. (i) perform the required exercises in accordance with the performance criteria prescribed for the Recreational Pilot Permit – Aeroplane,
    2. (ii) complete all manoeuvres with smoothness and accuracy,
    3. (iii) demonstrate sound judgement and good airmanship,
    4. (iv) correctly apply aeronautical knowledge, and
    5. (v) demonstrate mastery of the aeroplane at all times in such a manner that the successful outcome of a procedure or manoeuvre is never seriously in doubt.
  2. (b) Consideration shall be given to unavoidable deviations from the published criteria due to weather, traffic or other situations beyond the reasonable control of the candidate.
  3. (c) Allowing for deviations due to turbulent conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the aeroplane used, the following general performance tolerances apply:

    Altitude

    Normal Flight
    Pilot navigation

    ±100 feet
    ±200 feet

    Heading

    Normal Flight

    ±10°

    Airspeed

    All flight regimes

    ±10 knots

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance of a Recreational Pilot Permit – Aeroplane

Section 1 - Pre-Flight Operations
  1. a. Aeroplane Familiarization and Preparation for Flight
  2. b. Ancillary Controls
  3. c. Taxiing
Section 2 - Airwork
  1. a. Take-off
  2. b. Slow Flight
  3. c. Stall
  4. d. Spiral
Section 3 - Navigation
  1. a. Pilot Navigation
Section 4 - Abnormal and Emergency Procedures
  1. a. Precautionary Landing
  2. b. Forced Landing
  3. c. Overshoot
  4. d. Emergency Procedures
Section 5 - Arrival and Landing
  1. a. The Circuit
  2. b. Approach and Landing
  3. c. Slipping

Schedule 3 - Flight Test for the Issuance of a Private Pilot Licence - Aeroplane

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings,
    2. (ii) evidence that the candidate has received instruction on the same type of aeroplane to be used for the flight test, and
    3. (iii) a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating – Aeroplane, dated within 30 days prior to the flight test, certifying that:
      1. (A) a pre-flight test evaluation was conducted with the candidate,
      2. (B) the candidate is considered to have reached a sufficient level of competency to undertake a flight test for the issuance of the Private Pilot Licence, and
      3. (C) the candidate is recommended for the flight test.
  2. (b) Before conducting a partial re-test following failure of a flight test, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a copy of the Flight Test Report for the previously failed flight test, and
    2. (ii) a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating - Aeroplane, dated within 30 days prior to the re-test, certifying that:
      1. (A) the candidate has received further training on the failed exercise(s),
      2. (B) the candidate is considered to be competent to successfully complete the flight test, and
      3. (C) the instructor recommends the candidate for the re-test.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

The examiner shall ensure that the candidate provides:

  1. (a) an aeroplane that:
    1. (i) is certified for all manoeuvres required for the flight test, and
    2. (ii) meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1), (2) and (3) of Standard 425 —Flight Training;
  2. (b) appropriate current aeronautical charts and the current Canada Flight Supplement; and
  3. (c) an effective means of excluding outside visual reference to simulate instrument flight conditions while maintaining a safe level of visibility for the examiner.

Information Note:
For the purposes of the requirement of paragraph (a), the candidate may use an aeroplane for which a Special Certificate of Airworthiness has been issued and which is owner maintained.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the aeroplane from a position where the pilot-in-command functions can be performed and to carry out the test as if there is no other crew member;
  2. (b) take no part in the operation of the aeroplane except:
    1. (i) as required for the purpose of testing certain prescribed exercises,
    2. (ii) to perform the duties of a safety pilot while the candidate is donning and wearing a view-limiting device, or
    3. (iii) where intervention is necessary in the interest of safety or to avoid unacceptable delay to other traffic; and
  3. (c) stop the flight test when unsafe airmanship or dangerous flying is displayed by the candidate, including failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to clear the area before and while performing visual manoeuvres.

4. Flight Test Performance

  1. (a) The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:
    1. (i) perform the required exercises in accordance with the performance criteria prescribed for the Private Pilot Licence – Aeroplane,
    2. (ii) complete all manoeuvres with smoothness and accuracy,
    3. (iii) demonstrate sound judgement and good airmanship,
    4. (iv) correctly apply aeronautical knowledge, and
    5. (v) demonstrate mastery of the aeroplane at all times in such a manner that the successful outcome of a procedure or manoeuvre is never seriously in doubt.
  2. (b) Consideration shall be given to unavoidable deviations from the published criteria due to weather, traffic or other situations beyond the reasonable control of the candidate.
  3. (c) Allowing for deviations due to turbulent conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the aeroplane used, the following general performance tolerances apply:

Altitude		 Normal flight
Cross-country cruising flight
Instrument flight		 ±100 feet
±200 feet
±200 feet
Heading Normal flight
Instrument flight		 ±10°
±15°
Airspeed Take-off and approach
Other visual flight regimes
Instrument flight		 +10/-5 knots
±10 knots
±15 knots

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance of a Private Pilot Licence – Aeroplane

Section 1 - Pre-Flight Operations
  1. a. Aeroplane Familiarization and Preparation for Flight
  2. b. Ancillary Controls
  3. c. Taxiing
  4. d. Radio Communication
Section 2 - Airwork
  1. a. Take-off
  2. b. Turns
  3. c. Slow Flight
  4. d. Stall
  5. e. Spiral Dive
  6. f. Instrument Flying
Section 3 - Navigation
  1. a. Pilot Navigation
Section 4 - Abnormal and Emergency Procedures
  1. a. Precautionary Landing
  2. b. Forced Landing
  3. c. Overshoot
  4. d. Emergency Procedures
Section 5 - Arrival and Landing
  • a. The Circuit
  • b. Approach and Landing
  • c. Slipping

Schedule 4 - Flight Test for the issuance of a Commercial Pilot Licence - Aeroplane

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings,
    2. (ii) evidence that the candidate has received instruction on the same type of aeroplane to be used for the flight test, and
    3. (iii) a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating – Aeroplane, dated within 30 days prior to the flight test, certifying that:
      1. (A) a pre-flight test evaluation was conducted with the candidate,
      2. (B) the candidate has successfully completed the required written examination and has an acceptable level of knowledge of the subject area(s) in which a deficiency was indicated by the Written Examination Results and Feedback Report,
      3. (C) the candidate is considered to have reached a sufficient level of competency to undertake a flight test for the issuance of the Commercial Pilot Licence - Aeroplane, and
      4. (D) the candidate is recommended for the flight test.
  2. (b) Before conducting a partial re-test following failure of a flight test, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a copy of the Flight Test Report for the previously failed flight test, and
    2. (ii) a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating - Aeroplane, dated within 30 days prior to the re-test, certifying that:
      1. (A) the candidate has received further training on the failed exercise(s),
      2. (B) the candidate is considered to be competent to successfully complete the flight test, and
      3. (C) the instructor recommends the candidate for the re-test.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

  1. (a) The candidate shall provide:
    1. (i) an aeroplane that:
      1. (A) is certified for all manoeuvres required for the flight test, and
      2. (B) meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1), (2), (3) and (4) of Standard 425 — Flight Training,
    2. (ii) appropriate current aeronautical charts and the current Canada Flight Supplement, and
    3. (iii) an effective means of excluding outside visual reference to simulate instrument flight conditions while maintaining a safe level of visibility for the examiner.

      Information Note:
      For the purposes of the requirements of subparagraph (i), the candidate may use an aeroplane for which a Special Certificate of Airworthiness has been issued and which is owner maintained.

  2. (b) Subject to subparagraph (1)(a)(ii), more than one aeroplane may be provided to satisfy the requirements of the flight test.
  3. (c) Certain manoeuvres required for the flight test may be conducted in a full-flight simulator or an appropriately equipped flight training device for which a certificate has been issued in accordance with section 606.03 Synthetic Flight Training Equipment of the Canadian Aviation Regulations.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the aeroplane from a position where the pilot-in-command functions can be performed and to carry out the test as if there is no other crew member;
  2. (b) take no part in the operation of the aeroplane except:
    1. (i) as required for the purpose of testing certain prescribed exercises,
    2. (ii) to perform the duties of a safety pilot while the candidate is donning and wearing a view-limiting device, or
    3. (iii) where intervention is necessary in the interest of safety or to avoid unacceptable delay to other traffic; and
  3. (c) stop the flight test when unsafe airmanship or dangerous flying is displayed by the candidate, including failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to clear the area before and while performing visual manoeuvres.

4. Flight Test Performance

  1. (a) The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:
    1. (i) perform the required exercises in accordance with the performance criteria prescribed for the Commercial Pilot Licence – Aeroplane,
    2. (ii) complete all manoeuvres with smoothness and accuracy,
    3. (iii) demonstrate sound judgement and good airmanship,
    4. (iv) correctly apply aeronautical knowledge, and
    5. (v) demonstrate mastery of the aeroplane at all times in such a manner that the successful outcome of a procedure or manoeuvre is never seriously in doubt.
  2. (b) Consideration shall be given to unavoidable deviations from the published criteria due to weather, traffic or other situations beyond the reasonable control of the candidate.
  3. (c) Allowing for deviations due to turbulent conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the aeroplane used, the following general performance tolerances apply:
    Altitude Normal flight
    Cross-country cruising flight
    Instrument flight    		 ±100 feet
    ±100 feet
    ±100 feet
    Heading Normal flight
    Instrument flight (full panel)
    Instrument flight (partial panel)    		 ±10°
    ±10°
    ±15°
    Airspeed Take-off and approach
    Other visual flight regimes
    Instrument flight    		 +10/-5 knots
    ±10 knots
    ±10 knots

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance of a Commercial Pilot Licence – Aeroplane

Section 1 - Pre-Flight Operations
  1. a. Aeroplane Familiarization and Preparation for Flight
  2. b. Ancillary Controls
  3. c. Taxiing
  4. d. Radio Communication
Section 2 – Airwork
  1. a. Take-off
  2. b. Turns
  3. c. Slow Flight
  4. d. Stall
  5. e. Spinning
  6. f. Instrument Flying
Section 3 – Navigation
  1. a. Pilot Navigation
  2. b. Radio Navigation
Section 4 - Abnormal and Emergency Procedures
  1. a. Precautionary Landing
  2. b. Forced Landing
  3. c. Overshoot
  4. d. Emergency Procedures
Section 5 - Arrival and Landing
  1. a. The Circuit
  2. b. Approaches and Landings
  3. c. Slipping

Schedule 5 - Flight Test for the Issuance of a Private Pilot Licence - Helicopter

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings,
    2. (ii) evidence that the candidate has received instruction on the same type of helicopter to be used for the flight test, and
    3. (iii) a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating – Helicopter, dated within 30 days prior to the flight test, certifying that:
      1. (A) a pre-flight test evaluation was conducted with the candidate,
      2. (B) the candidate is considered to have reached a sufficient level of competency to undertake a flight test for the issuance of the Private Pilot Licence, and
      3. (C) the candidate is recommended for the flight test.
  2. (b) Before conducting a partial re-test following failure of a flight test, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a copy of the Flight Test Report for the previously failed flight test, and
    2. (ii) a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating - Helicopter, dated within 30 days prior to the re-test, certifying that:
      1. (A) the candidate has received further training on the failed exercise(s),
      2. (B) the candidate is considered to be competent to successfully complete the flight test, and
      3. (C) the instructor recommends the candidate for the re-test.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

The candidate shall provide:

  1. (a) a helicopter that:
    1. (i) is certified for all manoeuvres required for the flight test, including full-on autorotations, and has no operating limitations which prohibit the performance of those manoeuvres,
    2. (ii) meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1), (2) and (3) of Standard 425 — Flight Training, and
    3. (iii) is equipped with suitable radio and two-way intercom voice communication;
  2. (b) appropriate current aeronautical charts and the current Canada Flight Supplement; and
  3. (c) an effective means of excluding outside visual reference to simulate instrument flight conditions, while maintaining a safe level of visibility for the examiner.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the helicopter from a position where the pilot-in-command functions can be performed and to carry out the test as if there is no other crew member;
  2. (b) take no part in the operation of the helicopter except:
    1. (i) as required for the purpose of testing certain prescribed exercises,
    2. (ii) to perform the duties of a safety pilot while the candidate is donning and wearing a view-limiting device, and
    3. (iii) where intervention is necessary in the interests of safety or to avoid unacceptable delay to other traffic; and
  3. (c) stop the flight test when unsafe airmanship or dangerous flying is displayed by the candidate, including failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to clear the area before and while performing visual manoeuvres.

4. Flight Test Performance

  1. (a) The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:
    1. (i) perform the required exercises in accordance with the performance criteria prescribed for the Private Pilot Licence – Helicopter,
    2. (ii) complete all manoeuvres with smoothness and accuracy,
    3. (iii) demonstrate sound judgement and good airmanship,
    4. (iv) correctly apply aeronautical knowledge, and
    5. (v) demonstrate mastery of the helicopter at all times in such a manner that the successful outcome of a procedure or manoeuvre is never seriously in doubt.
  2. (b) Consideration shall be given to unavoidable deviations from the published criteria due to weather, traffic or other situations beyond the reasonable control of the candidate.
  3. (c) Allowing for deviations due to turbulent conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the helicopter used, the following general performance tolerances apply:
    Altitude Cross-country cruising flight
    Instrument flight    		 ±200 feet
    ±200 feet
    Heading Instrument flight ±20°
    Airspeed Instrument flight ±20 knots
    Angle of Bank Instrument flight not to exceed 30°

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance of a Private Pilot Licence - Helicopter

Section 1 - Pre-Flight Operations
  1. a. Helicopter Familiarization and Preparation for Flight
  2. b. Ancillary Controls/Start-up/Run-up/Shutdown
  3. c. Radio Communication
Section 2 - Hovering
  1. a. Take-off and Landing
  2. b. Hover Exercise
Section 3 - Airwork
  1. a. Transitions
  2. b. The Circuit
  3. c. Instrument Flying
Section 4 - Navigation
  1. a. Pilot Navigation
  2. b. Minimum Safe Altitude Operations
Section 5 - Confined Areas
  1. a. Reconnaissance
  2. b. Approach/Departure
  3. c. Manoeuvring
Section 6 - Abnormal and Emergency Procedures
  1. a. Autorotation
  2. b. Engine Failure at the Hover and Hover-taxi
  3. c. Simulated Emergency Procedures

Schedule 6 - Flight Test for the Issuance of a Commercial Pilot Licence - Helicopter

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 - Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings,
    2. (ii) evidence that the candidate has received instruction on the same type of helicopter to be used for the flight test, and
    3. (iii) a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating – Helicopter, dated within 30 days prior to the flight test, certifying that:
      1. (A) a pre-flight test evaluation was conducted with the candidate,
      2. (B) the candidate has successfully completed the required written examination and has an acceptable level of knowledge of the subject area(s) in which a deficiency was indicated by the Written Examination Results and Feedback Report,
      3. (C) the candidate is considered to have reached a sufficient level of competency to undertake a flight test for the issuance of the Commercial Pilot Licence – Helicopter, and
      4. (D) the candidate is recommended for the flight test.
  2. (b) Before conducting a partial re-test following failure of a flight test, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a copy of the Flight Test Report for the previously failed flight test, and
    2. (ii) a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating - Helicopter, dated within 30 days prior to the re-test, certifying that the candidate:
      1. (A) has received further training on the failed exercise(s),
      2. (B) is considered to be competent to successfully complete the flight test, and
      3. (C) the instructor recommends the candidate for the flight test.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

The candidate shall provide:

  1. (a) a helicopter that:
    1. (i) is certified for all manoeuvres required for the flight test, including full-on autorotations, and has no operating limitations which prohibit the performance of those manoeuvres,
    2. (ii) meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1), (2), (3) and (4) of Standard 425 — Flight Training, and
    3. (iii) is equipped with suitable radio and two-way intercom voice communication;
  2. (b) appropriate current aeronautical charts and the current Canada Flight Supplement; and
  3. (c) an effective means of excluding outside visual reference to simulate instrument flight conditions while maintaining a safe level of visibility for the examiner.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test, the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the helicopter from a position where the pilot-in-command functions can be performed and to carry out the test as if there is no other crew member;
  2. (b) take no part in the operation of the helicopter except:
    1. (i) as required for the purpose of testing certain prescribed exercises,
    2. (ii) to perform the duties of a safety pilot while the candidate is donning and wearing a view-limiting device, or
    3. (iii) where intervention is necessary in the interest of safety or to avoid unacceptable delay to other traffic; and
  3. (c) stop the flight test when unsafe airmanship or dangerous flying is displayed by the candidate, including failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to clear the area before and while performing visual manoeuvres.

4. Flight Test Performance

  1. (a) The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:
    1. (i) perform the required exercises in accordance with the performance criteria prescribed for the Commercial Pilot Licence – Helicopter,
    2. (ii) complete all manoeuvres with smoothness and accuracy,
    3. (iii) demonstrate sound judgement and good airmanship,
  2. (iv) correctly apply aeronautical knowledge, and
  3. (v) demonstrate mastery of the helicopter at all times in such a manner that the successful outcome of a procedure or manoeuvre is never seriously in doubt.
  4. (b) Consideration shall be given to unavoidable deviations from the published criteria due to weather, traffic or other situations beyond the reasonable control of the candidate.
  5. (c) Allowing for deviations due to turbulent conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the helicopter used, the following general performance tolerances apply:
    Altitude Cross-country cruising flight
    Instrument flight    		 ±200 feet
    ±150 feet
    Heading Instrument flight ±15°
    Airspeed Visual flight
    Instrument flight    		 ±10 knots
    ±15 knots
    Angle of Bank Instrument flight ±10° of the specified angle of bank

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance of a Commercial Pilot Licence - Helicopter

Section 1 - Pre-Flight Operations
  1. a. Helicopter Familiarization and Preparation for Flight
  2. b. Ancillary Controls/Start-up/Run-up/Shutdown
  3. c. Radio Communication
Section 2 - Hovering
  1. a. Take-off and Landing
  2. b. Hover Exercises
Section 3 - Airwork
  1. a. Transitions
  2. b. The Circuit
  3. c. Instrument Flying
Section 4 - Navigation
  1. a. Pilot Navigation
  2. b. Minimum Safe Altitude Operations
Section 5 - Confined Areas
  1. a. Reconnaissance
  2. b. Approach/Departure
  3. c. Manoeuvring
Section 6 - Abnormal and Emergency Procedures
  1. a. Autorotations
  2. b. Engine Failure at the Hover and Hover-taxi
  3. c. Simulated Emergency Procedures

Schedule 7 - Flight Test for the Issuance of a Multi-Engine Class Rating - Aeroplane

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a Pilot Licence or Student Pilot Permit – Aeroplane, with a medical certificate,
    2. (ii) a letter signed by a qualified person who meets the requirements of subsection 425.21(5) of Standard 425 — Flight Training, dated within 30 days prior to the flight test, certifying that:
      1. (A) a pre-flight test evaluation was conducted with the candidate,
      2. (B) the candidate is considered to have reached a sufficient level of competency to undertake a flight test for the issuance of the Multi-Engine Class Rating, and
      3. (C) the candidate is recommended for the flight test.
  2. (b) Before conducting a partial re-test following failure of a flight test, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a copy of the Flight Test Report for the previously failed flight test, and
    2. (ii) a letter signed by a qualified person who meets the requirements of subsection 425.21(5) of Standard 425 — Flight Training and dated within 30 days prior to the re-test, certifying that:
      1. (A) the candidate has received further training on the failed item(s),
      2. (B) the candidate is considered to be competent to successfully complete the flight test, and
      3. (C) the candidate is recommended for the re-test.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

  1. (a) The candidate shall provide an aeroplane that:
    1. (i) is certified for all manoeuvres required for the flight test,
    2. (ii) has no operating limitations which prohibit the performance of those manoeuvres, and
    3. (iii) meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1) and (2) of Standard 425 — Flight Training.
  2. (b) Certain manoeuvres required for the flight test may be conducted in a full-flight simulator or an appropriately equipped flight training device for which a certificate has been issued in accordance with section 606.03 Synthetic Flight Training Equipment of the Canadian Aviation Regulations.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test, the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the aeroplane from a position where the pilot-in-command functions can be performed and to carry out the test as if there was no other crew member;
  2. (b) take no part in the operation of the aeroplane except:
    1. (i) as required for the purpose of testing certain prescribed exercises, or
    2. (ii) where intervention is necessary in the interest of safety or to avoid unacceptable delay to other traffic; and
  3. (c) stop the flight test when unsafe airmanship or dangerous flying is displayed by the candidate, including failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to clear the area before and while performing visual manoeuvres.

4. Flight Test Performance

  1. (a) The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:
    1. (i) perform the required exercises in accordance with the performance criteria prescribed for the multi-engine class rating – aeroplane,
    2. (ii) complete all manoeuvres with smoothness and accuracy,
    3. (iii) demonstrate sound judgement and good airmanship,
    4. (iv) correctly apply aeronautical knowledge, and
    5. (v) demonstrate mastery of the aeroplane at all times in such a manner that the successful outcome of a procedure or manoeuvre is never seriously in doubt.
  2. (b) Consideration shall be given to unavoidable deviations from the published criteria due to weather, traffic or other situations beyond the reasonable control of the candidate.
  3. (c) Allowing for deviations due to turbulent conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the aeroplane used, the following general performance tolerances apply:
    Altitude Normal flight ±100 feet
    Heading Normal flight
    One engine inoperative (simulated)    		 ±10°
    ±20°
    Airspeed Take-off and approach
    Manoeuvring    		 +10/-5 knots
    ±10 knots

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance of a Multi-Engine Class Rating – Aeroplane

Section 1 - Pre-Flight Operations
  1. a. Aeroplane Familiarization and Preparation for Flight
  2. b. Ancillary Controls
  3. c. Taxiing
Section 2 - Airwork
  1. a. Take-off
  2. b. Cruising Flight
  3. c. Turns
  4. d. Manoeuvring at Reduced Airspeed
  5. e. Stalls
Section 3 - Abnormal and Emergency Procedures
  1. a. Engine Failures
  2. b. Systems Failures
Section 4 - Approach and Landing
  1. a. The Circuit
  2. b. Normal Approach and Landing
  3. c. One Engine Inoperative Approach and Landing

Schedule 8 - Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of an Instrument Rating

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test for the issuance of an instrument rating, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a pilot licence or permit with a medical certificate,
    2. (ii) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings, and
    3. (iii) a letter signed by a qualified person who meets the requirements of subsection 425.21(9) of Standard 425 — Flight Training, certifying that the candidate has the training and experience required and has reached a sufficient level of competence to undertake the Instrument Rating flight test.
  2. (b) Before conducting a flight test for the renewal of an instrument rating, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a pilot licence or permit with a medical certificate, and
    2. (ii) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.49 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  3. (c) Before conducting a partial re-test following failure of a flight test for the issuance of an instrument rating, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a copy of the Flight Test Report for the previously failed flight test, and
    2. (ii) the documentation listed in subsection (1)(a).
  4. (d) Before conducting a partial re-test following failure of a flight test for the renewal of an instrument rating, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a copy of the Flight Test Report for the previously failed flight test, and
    2. (ii) a letter signed by a qualified person who meets the requirements of subsection 425.21(9) of Standard 425 — Flight Training certifying that the candidate has undergone additional training and is considered competent to undertake the flight test.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

  1. (a) The candidate shall provide:
    1. (i) an aircraft that meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1), (2) and (7) of Standard 425 — Flight Training, and
    2. (ii) current enroute, terminal and approach charts for the area where the flight test is to occur and a current Canada Flight Supplement.
  2. (b) When the aircraft used is a helicopter, it does not need to be equipped with a stability augmentation system if the flight test is conducted in VMC conditions.
  3. (c) If the examiner occupies the observer’s seat, it shall:
    1. (i) be equipped with a safety harness installed in accordance with the Airworthiness Standards,
    2. (ii) be located to permit an unobstructed view of the aircraft instruments, radios and navigation equipment, and
    3. (iii) be equipped to monitor intercom and air to ground and air to air radio communications.
  4. (d) The flight test may be conducted in a Level A or higher flight simulator or a synthetic flight training device approved for instrument rating flight test in accordance with TP 9685 - Aeroplane and Rotorcraft Simulator Manual.
  5. (e) The candidate shall provide an effective means of excluding outside visual reference to simulate instrument flight conditions, while maintaining a safe level of visibility for the examiner or safety pilot.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

  1. (a) When conducting a flight test, the examiner shall:
    1. (i) require the candidate to fly the aircraft from a position where the pilot-in-command functions can be performed and, except where the aircraft operation has a two-crew requirement, carry out the test as if there is no other crew member,
    2. (ii) stop the flight test when unsafe airmanship or dangerous flying is displayed, including failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to clear the area before and while performing visual manoeuvres,
    3. (iii) refrain from training or demonstrating proper technique during a flight test.
  2. (b) The examiner shall take no part in the operation of the aircraft except:
    1. (i) as required for the purpose of testing certain prescribed exercises,
    2. (ii) to perform the duties of a safety pilot while the candidate is donning and wearing a view-limiting device unless another qualified safety pilot is performing the duties of a non-flying pilot in the case of an aircraft requiring two crew members, or
    3. (iii) where intervention is necessary in the interest of safety or to avoid unacceptable delay to other traffic.
  3. (c) The examiner shall ensure that suitable air traffic services and facilities are sufficient to complete the flight test, including two different approaches.

4. Flight Test Performance

  1. (a) The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:
    1. (i) perform the required exercises in accordance with the performance criteria prescribed for the Instrument Rating,
    2. (ii) complete all manoeuvres with smoothness and accuracy,
    3. (iii) demonstrate sound judgement and good airmanship,
    4. (iv) correctly apply aeronautical knowledge, and
    5. (v) demonstrate mastery of the aircraft at all times in such a manner that the successful outcome of a procedure or manoeuvre is never seriously in doubt.
  2. (b) Consideration shall be given to unavoidable deviations from the published criteria due to weather, traffic or other situations beyond the reasonable control of the candidate.
  3. (c) Allowing for deviations due to turbulent conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the aeroplane or helicopter used, the following general performance tolerances apply:
    Altitude Normal flight
    Approach: minimum IFR altitudes associated with the intermediate and final segments
    (e.g.; FAF, beacon crossing or step-down fixes)
    Accurate altitude control required at MDA    		 ±100 feet
    +as required/-0 feet
    Heading Normal flight ±10°
    Airspeed Take-off and approach (aeroplane)
    Take-off and approach (helicopter)
    Normal flight    		 +10/-5 knots
    ±10 knots
    ±10 knots
    Tracking VOR/LOC/LOC BC/ILS/RNAV
    NDB    		 ½ scale deflection
    ±5°

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of an Instrument Rating

Section 1 – Pre-Flight Operations
  1. a. Flight planning
  2. b. IFR Operational knowledge
  3. c. Preparation for Flight
  4. d. Air Traffic Control clearances
Section 2 - Terminal and Enroute
  1. a. Departure
  2. b. Enroute
  3. c. Arrival
  4. d. Holding
Section 3 - Approaches and Landing
  1. a. Non-precision approach
  2. b. Precision approach
  3. c. Missed approach
  4. d. Transition to Landing
Section 4 - Abnormal and Emergency Procedures
  1. a. Engine failure (multi-engine)
  2. b. Systems Malfunctions
  3. c. Emergency Procedures

Schedule 9 - Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 4 - Aeroplane

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test for the issuance of a Flight Instructor Rating – Class 4 - Aeroplane, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a Commercial or Airline Transport Pilot Licence in the same category as the rating sought,
    2. (ii) a pilot training record (PTR) showing that the required instructor training has been completed,
    3. (iii) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings, and
    4. (iv) a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating – Class 1 – Aeroplane and dated within 30 days prior to the flight test, certifying that the candidate:
      1. (A) has received the required flight and ground instruction,
      2. (B) is recommended for an instructor rating flight test, and
      3. (C) is considered competent to undertake an instructor rating flight test.
  2. (b) Before conducting a flight test for the renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating – Class 4 – Aeroplane, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a pilot licence or permit with a medical certificate, and
    2. (ii) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.66 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  3. (c) Before conducting a complete re-test following failure of a flight test, the examiner shall receive a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 - Aeroplane, dated within 30 days prior to the re-test, certifying that the candidate has received additional training and is considered competent to undertake an instructor flight test.

    Information Note:
    A Pilot Training Record is not required for Canadian Forces Flight Instructors or, in those instances specified in Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings, for holders of a Flight Instructor Rating issued by a Contracting State.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

  1. (a) The candidate shall provide:
    1. (i) an aeroplane that meets the requirements of subsections 425.23 (1), (2), (3) and (4) of Standard 425 — Flight Training and which is, subject to paragraph (b), certified for intentional spins,
    2. (ii) an effective means of excluding outside visual reference to simulate instrument flight conditions while maintaining a safe level of visibility for the examiner.
  2. (b) In the case of a renewal for a flight instructor rating, the examiner may not require that the aircraft be certified for intentional spins.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test, the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the aeroplane from a position where flight instructor functions are normally performed; and
  2. (b) perform the duties of a safety pilot while the candidate is donning and wearing a view-limiting device.

4. Flight Test Performance

The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:

  1. (a) make a presentation that may include frequent minor and even some major errors in the application of the learning factors and techniques of instruction, if the student would still be able to reach an acceptable level of understanding;
  2. (b) use teaching methods that obtain good student involvement;
  3. (c) present, with only minor errors, technical information to the student;
  4. (d) identify errors in the performance of flight manoeuvres and suggest some strategy for improvement;
  5. (e) apply acceptable knowledge of training and testing standards; and
  6. (f) perform the required flight manoeuvres safely, allowing for frequent minor errors.

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Aeroplane

Section 1 - Pre-Flight
  1. a. Overall Planning and Organization of Lesson
  2. b. Preparatory Ground Instruction
  3. c. Pre-Flight Briefing
Section 2 - In-Flight
  1. a. Flight Proficiency
  2. b. Teaching Proficiency
  3. c. Analysis of Student Performance
Section 3 - Post Flight
  1. a. Post Flight Debriefing

Schedule 10 - Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 3 - Aeroplane

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test for the issuance of a Flight Instructor Rating – Class 3 - Aeroplane, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) proof that the candidate has held a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 4 – Aeroplane within the previous 12 months,
    2. (ii) a Commercial or Airline Transport Pilot Licence in the same category as the rating sought,
    3. (iii) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings, and
    4. (iv) a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating – Class 1 – Aeroplane and dated within 30 days prior to the flight test, certifying that the candidate:
      1. (A) has received the required flight and ground instruction,
      2. (B) is recommended for an instructor rating flight test, and
      3. (C) is considered competent to undertake an instructor rating flight test.
  2. (b) Before conducting a flight test for the renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating – Class 3 - Aeroplane, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a pilot licence or permit with a medical certificate, and
    2. (ii) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.66 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  3. (c) Before conducting a complete re-test following failure of a flight test, the examiner shall receive a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 - Aeroplane, dated within 30 days prior to the re-test, certifying that the candidate has received additional training and is considered competent to undertake an instructor flight test.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

  1. (a) The candidate shall provide:
    1. (i) an aeroplane that meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1), (2), (3) and (4) of Standard 425 — Flight Training and which is, subject to paragraph (b), certified for intentional spins, and
    2. (ii) an effective means of excluding outside visual reference to simulate instrument flight conditions while maintaining a safe level of visibility for the examiner.
  2. (b) In the case of a renewal for a flight instructor rating, the examiner may not require that the aircraft be certified for intentional spins.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test, the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the aeroplane from a position where flight instructor functions are normally performed; and
  2. (b) perform the duties of a safety pilot while the candidate is donning and wearing a view-limiting device.

4. Flight Test Performance

The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:

  1. (a) make a presentation that may include frequent minor and even some major errors in the application of the learning factors and techniques of instruction, if the student would still be able to reach an acceptable level of understanding;
  2. (b) use teaching methods that obtain good student involvement;
  3. (c) present, with only minor errors, technical information to the student;
  4. (d) identify errors in the performance of flight manoeuvres and suggest some strategy for improvement;
  5. (e) apply acceptable knowledge of training and testing standards; and
  6. (f) perform the required flight manoeuvres safely, allowing for frequent minor errors.

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Aeroplane

Section 1 - Pre-Flight
  • a. Overall Planning and Organization of Lesson
  • b. Preparatory Ground Instruction
  • c. Pre-Flight Briefing
Section 2 - In-Flight
  • a. Flight Proficiency
  • b. Teaching Proficiency
  • c. Analysis of Student Performance
Section 3 - Post Flight
  • a. Post Flight Debriefing

Schedule 11 - Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 2 - Aeroplane

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test for the issuance of a Flight Instructor Rating – Class 2 - Aeroplane, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) proof that the candidate has held a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 3 – Aeroplane, during the previous 12 months, and
    2. (ii) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 - Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  2. (b) Before conducting a flight test for the renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating – Class 2 - Aeroplane, the examiner shall receive the proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.66 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  3. (c) A candidate who is the subject of follow-up action with respect to his or her flight test record in accordance with section 421.67 of Standard 421 - Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings, is not eligible to upgrade the instructor rating from a Class 3 to a Class 2.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

  1. (a) The candidate shall provide:
    1. (i) an aeroplane that meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1), (2), (3) and (4) of Standard 425 - Flight Training, and which is, subject to paragraph (b), certified for intentional spins,
    2. (ii) an effective means of excluding outside visual reference to simulate instrument flight conditions while maintaining a safe level of visibility for the examiner.
  2. (b) In the case of a renewal for a flight instructor rating, the examiner may not require that the aircraft be certified for intentional spins.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test, the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the aeroplane from a position where flight instructor functions are normally performed; and
  2. (b) perform the duties of a safety pilot while the candidate is donning and wearing a view-limiting device.

4. Flight Test Performance

The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:

  1. (a) make a presentation that may include very few minor errors in the application of the learning factors and techniques of instruction;
  2. (b) use teaching methods that obtain good student involvement;
  3. (c) present, with only minor errors, technical information to the student;
  4. (d) identify errors in the performance of flight manoeuvres and suggest some strategy for improvement;
  5. (e) demonstrate knowledge of training and testing standards appropriate for supervising a staff of instructors; and
  6. (f) perform the required flight manoeuvres allowing for very few minor errors.

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Aeroplane

Section 1 - Pre-Flight
  1. a. Overall Planning and Organization of Lesson
  2. b. Preparatory Ground Instruction
  3. c. Pre-Flight Briefing
Section 2 - In-Flight
  1. a. Flight Proficiency
  2. b. Teaching Proficiency
  3. c. Analysis of Student Performance
Section 3 - Post Flight
  1. a. Post Flight Debriefing

Schedule 12 - Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 - Aeroplane

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test for the issuance of a Flight Instructor Rating – Class 1 - Aeroplane, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) proof that the candidate has held a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 2 - Aeroplane during the previous 12 months, and
    2. (ii) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 - Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  2. (b) Before conducting a flight test for the renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating – Class 1 – Aeroplane, the examiner shall receive the proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.66 of Standard 421 - Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  3. (c) A candidate who is the subject of follow-up action with respect to his or her flight test record in accordance with section 421.67 of Standard 421 - Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings, is not eligible to upgrade the instructor rating from a Class 2 to a Class 1.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

  1. (a) The candidate shall provide:
    1. (i) an aeroplane that meets the requirements of subsections 425.23 (1), (2), (3) and (4) of Standard 425 — Flight Training and which is, subject to paragraph (b), certified for intentional spins, and
    2. (ii) an effective means of excluding outside visual reference to simulate instrument flight conditions while maintaining a safe level of visibility for the examiner.
  2. (b) In the case of a renewal for a flight instructor rating, the examiner may not require that the aircraft be certified for intentional spins.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the aeroplane from a position where flight instructor functions are normally performed; and
  2. (b) perform the duties of a safety pilot while the candidate is donning and wearing a view-limiting device.

4. Flight Test Performance

The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:

  1. (a) apply the learning factors and utilize techniques of instruction in a manner that would set an example for a student instructor;
  2. (b) use a teaching method that obtains a high degree of student involvement;
  3. (c) present accurate technical information to the student;
  4. (d) demonstrate a very good understanding of training and testing standards;
  5. (e) identify errors in the performance of flight manoeuvres and suggest a variety of effective strategies for improvement;
  6. (f) perform flight manoeuvres in a predominantly ideal manner under the existing conditions; and
  7. (g) demonstrate the knowledge and skill necessary to train new instructors.

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Aeroplane

Section 1 - Pre-Flight
  1. a. Overall Planning and Organization of Lesson
  2. b. Preparatory Ground Instruction
  3. c. Pre-Flight Briefing
Section 2 - In-Flight
  1. a. Flight Proficiency
  2. b. Teaching Proficiency
  3. c. Analysis of Student Performance
Section 3 - Post Flight
  1. a. Post Flight Debriefing

Schedule 13 - Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 4 - Helicopter

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test for the issuance of a Flight Instructor Rating – Class 4 - Helicopter, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a Commercial or Airline Transport Pilot Licence in the same category as the rating sought,
    2. (ii) a pilot training record showing that the required instructor training has been completed, and
    3. (iii) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  2. (b) Before conducting a flight test for the renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating – Class 4 - Helicopter, the examiner shall receive the proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.66 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  3. (c) Before conducting a complete re-test following failure of a flight test, the examiner shall receive a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 - Helicopter, dated within 30 days prior to the re-test, certifying that the candidate has received additional training and is considered competent to undertake an instructor flight test.

    Information Note:
    A pilot training record is not required for Canadian Forces flight instructors or, in those instances specified in Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings, for holders of a flight instructor rating issued by a contracting state.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

The candidate shall provide:

  1. (a) a helicopter certified for all manoeuvres required for the flight test, including full-on autorotations, that:
    1. (i) has no operating limitations which prohibit the performance of those manoeuvres,
    2. (ii) meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1), (2), (3) and (4) of Standard 425 — Flight Training, and
    3. (iii) is equipped with suitable radio and two-way intercom voice communication, and
  2. (b) a suitable view-limiting device.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test, the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the helicopter from a position where flight instructor functions are normally performed; and
  2. (b) perform the duties of a safety pilot while the candidate is donning and wearing a view-limiting device.

4. Flight Test Performance

The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:

  1. (a) make a presentation that may include frequent minor and even some major errors in the application of the learning factors and techniques of instruction, if the student would still be able to reach an acceptable level of understanding;
  2. (b) use teaching methods that obtain good student involvement;
  3. (c) present, with only minor errors, technical information to the student;
  4. (d) identify errors in the performance of flight manoeuvres and suggest some strategy for improvement;
  5. (e) apply acceptable knowledge of training and testing standards; and
  6. (f) perform the required flight manoeuvres safely allowing for frequent minor errors.

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Helicopter

Section 1 - Pre-Flight
  1. a. Overall Planning and Organization of Lesson
  2. b. Preparatory Ground Instruction
  3. c. Pre-Flight Briefing
Section 2 - In-Flight
  1. a. Flight Proficiency
  2. b. Teaching Proficiency
  3. c. Analysis of Student Performance
Section 3 - Post Flight
  1. a. Post Flight Debriefing

Schedule 14 - Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 3 - Helicopter

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test for the issuance of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 3 – Helicopter, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) proof that the candidate has held within the previous 12 months a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 4 – Helicopter,
    2. (ii) a Commercial or Airline Transport Pilot Licence in the same category as the rating sought, endorsed as stipulated in subparagraph (i), and
    3. (iii) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  2. (b) Before conducting a flight test, in the case of Canadian Forces flight instructors or holders of a flight instructor rating issued by a contracting state, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) proof of the required knowledge, and
    2. (ii) a letter of recommendation signed within the preceding 30 days by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 – Helicopter, certifying that the candidate has received the required flight and ground instruction and is recommended for an instructor flight test.
  3. (c) Before conducting a flight test for the renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 3 – Helicopter, the examiner shall receive proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.66 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  4. (d) Before conducting a complete re-test following failure of a flight test, the examiner shall receive a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 - Helicopter, dated within 30 days prior to the re-test, certifying that the candidate has received additional training and is considered competent to undertake an instructor flight test.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

The candidate shall provide:

  1. (a) a helicopter certified for all manoeuvres required for the flight test, including full-on autorotations, and that:
    1. (i) has no operating limitations which prohibit the performance of those manoeuvres,
    2. (ii) meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1), (2), (3) and (4) of Standard 425 — Flight Training,
    3. (iii) is equipped with suitable radio and two-way intercom voice communication; and
  2. (b) a suitable view-limiting device.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test, the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the helicopter from a position where flight instructor functions are normally performed; and
  2. (b) perform the duties of a safety pilot while the candidate is donning and wearing a view-limiting device.

4. Flight Test Performance

The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:

  1. (a) make a presentation that may include frequent minor and even some major errors in the application of the learning factors and techniques of instruction, provided that the student would still be deemed to reach an acceptable level of understanding;
  2. (b) use teaching methods that obtain good student involvement;
  3. (c) present, with only minor errors, technical information to the student;
  4. (d) identify errors in the performance of flight manoeuvres and suggest some strategy for improvement;
  5. (e) apply acceptable knowledge of training and testing standards; and
  6. (f) perform the required flight manoeuvres safely, allowing for frequent minor errors.

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Helicopter

Section 1 - Pre-Flight
  1. a. Overall Planning and Organization of Lesson
  2. b. Preparatory Ground Instruction
  3. c. Pre-Flight Briefing
Section 2 - In-Flight
  1. a. Flight Proficiency
  2. b. Teaching Proficiency
  3. c. Analysis of Student Performance
Section 3 - Post Flight
  1. a. Post Flight Debriefing

Schedule 15 - Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 2 - Helicopter

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test for the issuance of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 2 - Helicopter, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) proof that the candidate has held a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 3 – Helicopter, during the previous 12 months, and
    2. (ii) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  2. (b) Before conducting a flight test for the renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 2 - Helicopter, the examiner shall receive proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.66 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  3. (c) A candidate who is the subject of follow-up action with respect to his or her flight test record in accordance with section 421.67 of Standard 421 - Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings, is not eligible to upgrade the instructor rating from a Class 3 to a Class 2.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

The candidate shall provide:

  1. (a) a helicopter certified for all manoeuvres required for the flight test, including full-on autorotations, and that:
    1. (i) has no operating limitations which prohibit the performance of those manoeuvres,
    2. (ii) meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1), (2), (3) and (4) of Standard 425 — Flight Training, and
    3. (iii) is equipped with suitable radio and two-way intercom voice communication; and
  2. (b) a suitable view-limiting device.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test, the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the helicopter from a position where flight instructor functions are normally performed; and
  2. (b) perform the duties of a safety pilot while the candidate is donning and wearing a view-limiting device.

4. Flight Test Performance

The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:

  1. (a) make a presentation that may include very few minor errors in the application of the learning factors and techniques of instruction;
  2. (b) use teaching methods that obtain good student involvement;
  3. (c) present, with only minor errors, technical information to the student;
  4. (d) identify errors in the performance of flight manoeuvres and suggest effective strategies for improvement;
  5. (e) demonstrate knowledge of training and testing standards appropriate for supervising a staff of instructors; and
  6. (f) perform the required flight manoeuvres allowing for very few minor errors.

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Helicopter

Section 1 - Pre-Flight
  1. a. Overall Planning and Organization of Lesson
  2. b. Preparatory Ground Instruction
  3. c. Pre-Flight Briefing
Section 2 - In-Flight
  1. a. Flight Proficiency
  2. b. Teaching Proficiency
  3. c. Analysis of Student Performance
Section 3 - Post Flight
  1. a. Post Flight Debriefing

Schedule 16 - Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 - Helicopter

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test for the issuance of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 - Helicopter, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) proof that the candidate has held a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 2 – Helicopter, during the previous 12 months, and
    2. (ii) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  2. (b) Before conducting a flight test for the renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 - Helicopter, the examiner shall receive proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.66 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  3. (c) A candidate who is the subject of follow-up action with respect to his or her flight test record in accordance with section 421.67 of Standard 421 - Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings, is not eligible to upgrade the instructor rating from a Class 2 to a Class 1.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

The candidate shall provide:

  1. (a) a helicopter certified for all manoeuvres required for the flight test, including full-on autorotations, and that:
    1. (i) has no operating limitations which prohibit the performance of those manoeuvres,
    2. (ii) meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1), (2), (3) and (4) of Standard 425 — Flight Training, and
    3. (iii) is equipped with suitable radio and two-way intercom voice communication; and
  2. (b) a suitable view-limiting device.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

When conducting a flight test, the examiner shall:

  1. (a) require the candidate to fly the helicopter from a position where flight instructor functions are normally performed; and
  2. (b) perform the duties of a safety pilot while the candidate is donning and wearing a view-limiting device.

4. Flight Test Performance

The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:

  1. (a) apply the learning factors and utilize techniques of instruction in a manner that would set an example for a student instructor;
  2. (b) use a teaching method that obtains a high degree of student involvement;
  3. (c) present accurate technical information to the student;
  4. (d) demonstrate very good understanding of training and testing standards;
  5. (e) identify errors in the performance of flight manoeuvres and suggest a variety of effective strategies for improvement;
  6. (f) perform flight manoeuvres in a predominantly ideal manner under the existing conditions; and
  7. (g) demonstrate the knowledge and skill necessary to train new instructors.

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Helicopter

Section 1 - Pre-Flight
  1. a. Overall Planning and Organization of Lesson
  2. b. Preparatory Ground Instruction
  3. c. Pre-Flight Briefing
Section 2 - In-Flight
  1. a. Flight Proficiency
  2. b. Teaching Proficiency
  3. c. Analysis of Student Performance
Section 3 - Post Flight
  1. a. Post Flight Debriefing

Schedule 17 - Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 2 – Aeroplane - Aerobatic

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test for the issuance of a Flight Instructor Rating – Class 2 – Aeroplane – Aerobatic, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) a Commercial or Airline Transport Pilot Licence in the same category as the rating sought,
    2. (ii) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings,
    3. (iii) a pilot log book showing details of the candidate’s instructor training, and
    4. (iv) a letter of recommendation signed within the preceding 30 days by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 - Aeroplane - Aerobatic, certifying that the candidate has received the required flight and ground instruction and is recommended for an instructor flight test.
  2. (b) Before conducting a flight test for the renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 2 – Aeroplane - Aerobatic, the examiner shall receive proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.66 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  3. (c) Before conducting a complete re-test following failure of a flight test, the examiner shall receive a letter signed by the holder of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 - Aeroplane - Aerobatic, dated within 30 days prior to the re-test, certifying that the candidate has received additional training and is considered competent to undertake an instructor flight test.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

The candidate shall provide an aeroplane that:

  1. (a) is certified in the Aerobatic Category in accordance with Chapter 523 of the Airworthiness Manual;
  2. (b) meets the requirements of section 425.23 of Standard 425 — Flight Training; and
  3. (c) is equipped with a two-way intercom voice communication system.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

The examiner shall require the candidate to fly the aeroplane from a position where flight instructor functions are normally performed.

4. Flight Test Performance

The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:

  1. (a) make a presentation that may include frequent minor and even some major errors in the application of the learning factors and techniques of instruction, provided that the student would still be deemed to reach an acceptable level of understanding;
  2. (b) use teaching methods that obtain good student involvement;
  3. (c) present, with only minor errors, technical information to the student;
  4. (d) identify errors in the performance of flight manoeuvres and suggest some strategy for improvement;
  5. (e) apply acceptable knowledge of training and testing standards; and
  6. (f) perform the required flight manoeuvres safely allowing for frequent minor errors.

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Aeroplane - Aerobatic

Section 1 - Pre-Flight
  1. a. Overall Planning and Organization of Lesson
  2. b. Preparatory Ground Instruction
  3. c. Pre-Flight Briefing
Section 2 - In-Flight
  1. a. Flight Proficiency
  2. b. Teaching Proficiency
  3. c. Analysis of Student Performance
Section 3 - Post Flight
  1. a. Post Flight Debriefing

Schedule 18 - Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 - Aeroplane - Aerobatic

1. Prerequisites for the Flight Test

  1. (a) Before conducting a flight test for the issuance of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 – Aeroplane - Aerobatic, the examiner shall receive the following documentation:
    1. (i) proof that the candidate has held a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 2 - Aeroplane – Aerobatic, or a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 – Aeroplane or Helicopter, during the previous 12 months, and
    2. (ii) proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.14 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  2. (b) Before conducting a flight test for the renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Class 1 – Aeroplane - Aerobatic, the examiner shall receive proof that the candidate meets the requirements of section 421.66 of Standard 421 — Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings.
  3. (c) Renewals and upgrades of flight instructor ratings conducted up to 90 days before expiry shall be issued for a term extending from the original expiry date.

2. Aircraft and Equipment Required for the Flight Test

The candidate shall provide an aeroplane that:

  1. (a) is certified in the Aerobatic Category in accordance with Chapter 523 of the Airworthiness Manual;
  2. (b) meets the requirements of subsections 425.23(1) and (2) of Standard 425 — Flight Training; and
  3. (c) is equipped with a two-way intercom voice communication system.

3. Conduct of the Flight Test

The examiner shall require the candidate to fly the aeroplane from a position where flight instructor functions are normally performed.

4. Flight Test Performance

The examiner shall evaluate the candidate’s knowledge and skills to:

  1. (a) apply the learning factors and utilize techniques of instruction in a manner that would set an example for a student instructor;
  2. (b) use a teaching method that obtains a high degree of student involvement;
  3. (c) present accurate technical information to the student;
  4. (d) demonstrate very good understanding of training and testing standards;
  5. (e) identify errors in the performance of flight manoeuvres and suggest a variety of effective strategies for improvement;
  6. (f) perform flight manoeuvres in a predominantly ideal manner under the existing conditions; and
  7. (g) demonstrate the knowledge and skill necessary to train new instructors.

5. Content of the Flight Test for the Issuance or Renewal of a Flight Instructor Rating - Aeroplane - Aerobatic

Section 1 - Pre-Flight
  1. a. Overall Planning and Organization of Lesson
  2. b. Preparatory Ground Instruction
  3. c. Pre-Flight Briefing
Section 2 - In-Flight
  1. a. Flight Proficiency
  2. b. Teaching Proficiency
  3. c. Analysis of Student Performance
Section 3 - Post Flight
  1. a. Post Flight Debriefing

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