Appendix B - Commonly Used Undefined Terms

Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs) 2019-1

Term	Meaning	Example
may	permissive usually no legal obligation to carry out the act in question	CARs, s.601.09(2)
shall	mandatory no choice but to carry out the required act	CARs, s.402.16
should	suggestion no legal obligation to carry out the act in question, but compliance is desirable	AWM, s.103
and	conjunction all conditions to be satisfied	CARs, s.602.13(2)
or	disjunction at least one condition to be satisfied	CARs, s.703.20(1)
means	indicates an exhaustive definition	CARs, s.602.04(1)
includes	indicates a qualifier or an example	CARs, s.602.11(1)
on	spatial: e.g., on the surface of... relational: e.g., based on... temporal: e.g., on a given date...	CARs, s.401.05(2)(b) CARs, s. CARs, s.501.03(1)
between	spatial: e.g., between the seats... relational: e.g., communication between people... temporal: e.g., the time between events...	CARs, s.602.116(6) CARs, s.602.24 CARs, s.602.123
within	spatial: e.g., within the fence... relational: e.g., within the guidelines... temporal: e.g., within the allotted time...	CARs, s.601.13 CARs, s. CARs, s.401.05(1)
deemed	treating as true for the law what may not be true in fact	CARs, s.602.14(1)
subject to	subordinate provision	CARs, s.401.06
in accordance with	in conformity with as per	CARs, s.601.03 CARs, s.702.17(4)
adequate	sufficient, suitable to the occasion	CARs, s.
as soon as practicable	as soon as can be reasonably expected	CARs, s.602.76(2)