This report, commissioned by TC and written by the Institute of Governance, examines surface robots (micro utility devices) used in uncontrolled outdoor settings (e.g., sidewalks). Focusing on Canada, the report reviews the state of the technology of these devices and their use, finding that they are at a low level of maturity. The report also examines the social concerns raised by surface robots. Synthesizing the results of research and consultations, the report concludes with recommendations to address concerns and guide the next stages of technological and regulatory development.