Transport Publication TP 127 E
17.1 The limits of temperature rise for motor starters and controllers, contactors, field rheostats and rheostats for other purposes shall be based on the cooling-air temperature specified in Section 2 of these Standards.
17.2 The temperature limits under normal working conditions, when measured by thermometer, shall satisfy the following requirements:
- Resistors: The temperature rise of issuing air when measured 25 mm from the enclosure shall not exceed 175 °C . Any part of the enclosure, the temperature rise of which might exceed 35 °C shall be guarded to prevent against accidental contact by personnel or flammable material;
- Coils: The temperature rise under normal conditions of service of release, blowout, contactor, operating and relay coils shall not exceed:
- Class A Insulation : Thermometer 60° C , Resistance 80° C
- Class B Insulation: Themometer 90° C , Resistance 110° C
- Class E Insultation: Thermometer 75° C , Resistance 95° C
- Class F Insulation: Thermometer 110° C , Resistance 130° C
- Contacts: the maximum temperature rise allowed for contacts in air shall be as follows:
- Solid Copper Contacts 70° C ,
- Laminated Copper Contacts 65° C , and
- Silver or similar Contacts 75° C .
17.3 Resistors shall be adequately guarded or enclosed to preclude accidental contact by personnel or flammable material.
17.4 Motors shall be provided with means of disconnecting both motor and controller from all supply conductors, except that a manually operated switch or circuit breaker, suitable as a controller, may serve as both controller and disconnecting means; for motors rated not more than l.5 kW and not more than 250 volts, the manual starting switch may serve as a disconnect provided it has an ampere rating not less than twice the rated current of the motor; in grouped motor control arrangements, the disconnecting means shall be so interlocked with the hinged door of the associated motor controller as either to prevent the controller door from being opened while the circuit is energized or to cause the disconnect device to open in the event that the controller door is opened.
17.5 Glazed windows of enclosing cases shall be as small as practicable, consistent with their purpose, and suitable protection shall be arranged against breakage of the glass.
17.6 Every electric motor shall be provided with:
- efficient means of starting and stopping, the latter so placed as to be easily operated by the person controlling the motor;
- efficient means for preventing automatic re-starting after a stoppage due to a drop in voltage or complete failure of the supply, where unexpected re-starting of the motor is considered a hazard; and
- except for steering gear motors, means for the automatic disconnection of the supply in the event of current becoming excessive owing to mechanical overloading of the motor.
17.7 Ungrounded conductors of motor control, interlock and indicator circuits shall be protected by a fuse of capacity not exceeding 30 amps except where:
- steering gear circuits are involved;
- the opening of the circuit would create a hazard;
- both sides of the circuit do not extend beyond the controller enclosure;
- the rating or setting of the branch circuit over-current device does not exceed 500% of the control circuit wiring ampacity; or
- the impedance of the control transformer feeding the circuit is such as to prevent overloading of the external circuit.
17.8 Where the primary means of isolation is remote from a motor, one of the following shall be provided:
- an additional means of isolation fitted adjacent to the motor; or
- provision made for locking the primary means of isolation in the “OFF” position; or
- provision made so that the fuses in each line can be readily removed and retained by authorized personnel.
17.9 Working voltage of remote control devices shall not exceed 250 volts.
17.10 Overload heaters in motor starters shall be assigned on the basis of actual nameplate data.
17.11 Motor starters and controllers having hinged doors exceeding a height of 114 cm or a width of 60 cm shall be provided with door positioners
Colours of Indicating Lights (Does Not Apply to Colours for Navigation Lamps)
Red
Meaning: Danger or alarm
Explanation: Warning of danger or situation which requires i
mm
ediate action
Typical Applications: Stop of essential machine, for example, steering gear motor, lube, oil pump for main engine. Temperature or pressure valves at critical levels. Loss of essential circuit.
Yellow
Meaning: Caution
Explanation: Change or impending change of conditions
Typical Applications: Temperature and pressure valves which differ from the normal levels, but not critical
Green
Meaning: Safety (Normal operating and working)
Explanation: Indication of a safe working situation
Typical Applications: Machine running normal liquid circulating. Pressure, temperature, current, within limits.
Blue
Meaning: Instruction/Info. (specific meaning assigned according to the need in the case considered)
Explanation: Blue may be given specific meaning which is not covered by the three above colours
Typical Applications: Motor ready to start. No-Load, generator ready to be connected. Electrical heating circuits.
White
Meaning: No specific meaning (neutral)
Explanation: Any meaning may be given which is not covered by the four above colours
Typical Applications: Ground indication, synchronizing lights, appliances, automatically controlled.
18. Lighting Fixtures
18.1 Lampholders shall be constructed wholly of flame-retardant and non-hygroscopic material and supports of live parts shall be of non-combustible material.
18.2 Lighting fixtures shall be designed to provide for adequate dissipation of heat from the lamps and to prevent accidental contact with the bulb by flammable materials; they shall be constructed to protect the bulb from mechanical damage and to prevent the emission of broken glass bulb particles.
18.3 All lighting fixtures shall be arranged so as to prevent rises in temperature that would be injurious to the electrical wiring or that could result in a risk of fire in the surrounding material.
18.4 The temperature of those parts of the lighting fixture which can be handled shall not exceed 60° C , and the temperature of the terminals to which insulated cables are to be connected shall not exceed the values set forth in Table 13-1 of Section 13.
18.5 Lamps in positions involving risk of mechanical damage shall be installed in fixtures of substantial construction and shall be protected against such damage.
18.6 Shades shall be of flame-retardant material.
18.7 Lamps which are in positions exposed to the weather, spray, drip or condensed water shall be enclosed in weatherproof fixtures and lamps which are used near readily combustible material shall be installed in totally enclosed fixtures.
18.8 In wet locations, those parts of a lampholder likely to be touched by a person replacing a lamp shall be constructed of or shrouded in insulating material.
18.9 All running, standing and signal electric lights shall be substantially constructed of non corrodible material and shall be made watertight.
18.10 Each electric starboard, port, masthead, range and stern light shall be fitted with single filament lamps.
18.11 Where duplicate electric navigation lights are fitted, the optical system of each electric navigation light shall consist of two glass lenses placed one above the other so as to make each section an individual lighting unit and to prevent light reflection passing from one section to the other; each section shall contain a light placed at the radius of the lens and arranged so that the lamp filament is located at the focal centre of the lens.
18.12 Anchor lights may be of the single-filament, one-light electric type.
18.13 All fittings, inductors, capacitors and other auxiliaries used with tubular fluorescent lamps shall be of a type suitable for marine use.
18.14 Fittings, reactors, capacitors and other auxiliaries for fluorescent lighting fixtures shall not be mounted on surfaces which are subject to high temperatures; in ships for unrestricted service they shall be capable of operating at estimated ambient temperatures given in section 2 of these Standards.
18.15 Every capacitor having a rated capacitance of 0.5 microfarad or over, shall be provided with a means for its prompt discharge.
18.16 Every inductor and high-reactance transformer shall be installed as near as practicable to its associated discharge lamp.
18.17 All live parts of a lighting installation shall be provided with effective screens of grounded metal or insulating material of mechanical strength adequate to withstand the conditions of normal service and the insulating material used for this purpose shall be non-combustible, moisture-resisting and anti-tracking.
18.18 The voltage of the primary circuits of transformer-fed discharge lighting systems shall not exceed that permitted in Table 7-1 of Section 7.3 of this standard.
18.19 No discharge lamp circuit shall use an rms voltage exceeding 5,000 volts to ground, measured on open circuit.
18.20 Ancillary equipment for high voltage installations, including inductors, capacitors, resistors and transformers shall be either totally enclosed in a substantial grounded metal container, which may form part of the lighting fitting or, alternatively, shall be placed in a suitable ventilated enclosure of non-combustible material or of fire-resisting construction which is reserved for high voltage apparatus.
18.21 A notice “DANGER, HIGH VOLTAGE” and “DANGER HAUT TENSION” shall be placed and maintained on every container or enclosure of high voltage discharge lamps that are accessible to unauthorized persons; the word “DANGER” shall be in block letters not less than 10 mm high and the words “HIGH VOLTAGE” and “HAUT TENSION” in letters not less than 5 mm high; the letters shall be painted red on white background and the size of each notice shall not be less than 65 mm by 50 mm overall.
18.22 Fluorescent lighting fixtures shall be constructed with adequate guards to protect the tubes from mechanical damage and to prevent the emission of broken glass particles.
18.23 Fluorescent lighting fixtures equipped with ballasts shall be integrally protected against the rise of temperature above the rated temperature of the fixture