7.1 General
- This chapter describes a course providing specialized Liquefied Gas Tanker safety training.
- The completion of this course is necessary to obtain the Specialized Liquefied gas tanker Training endorsement on a deck or engineer officer certificate. Refer to Section 228 of the Marine Personnel Regulations for details regarding the requirements of this endorsement and training according to personnel responsibilities and position on board.
7.2 Objectives
- Provide the training required under Section 167 of the Marine Personnel Regulations in order to obtain a Specialized Oil Tanker Training endorsement.
- Enable the participants to take immediate responsibility for the loading, discharging or transfer of cargo and the operation of cargo equipment.
7.3 Duration
39 hours
7.4 Prerequisites
- MED with respect to STCW basic safety
- MED in advanced fire fighting
- Successful completion of an approved training course in Liquefied gas tanker familiarization or holder of a Liquefied Gas Tanker Familiarization certificate or Endorsement
7.5 Specific instructor qualifications
The main course instructor must hold a Master Mariner or a First-class engineer certificate with a valid Specialized Liquefied Gas Tanker Training endorsement, but AMSP may consider lower certificates in special circumstances for instructors with additional experience on oil tankers. If the course is under the supervision of more than one instructor, the assistant instructors must hold qualifications related to the marine industry or have related skills and be approved in accordance with the Quality Management Manual – Marine Personnel Standards and Pilotage, referred to in Chapter 2.
7.6 Equipment requirements
- Personnel safety equipment, including breathing apparatus;
- Tank evacuation equipment;
- Portable oxygen meter and oxygen analyser;
- Portable combustible-gas indicator;
- Portable interferometer;
- Portable gas detector and sample detector tubes for vapours and gasses;
- Resuscitator;
- IMO medical first aid guide for accidents involving dangerous goods;
- ISM Code;
- IMO publication “Guidelines for the Development of Shipboard Emergency Response Plans”;
- ISGOTT Liquefied Gas Handling Principles on ships and in terminals;
- Chemical Tanker Safety Guide;
- Sample health data and cargo data sheets, emergency plans and casualty reports;
- Audio-visual presentation equipment.
7.7 Outline
| Subject Area | Hours | |
| Lecture | Practical | |
| 1.0 The Liquefied Gas Tanker
1.1 Summarize the development of the liquefied gas tanker trade 1.2 Describe types of liquefied gas tankers 1.3 Describe types of cargoes shipped in liquefied gas tankers |
2 | |
| 2.0 Rules and Regulations
2.1 Discuss international and national codes and regulations 2.2 Describe the Gas Carrier Codes 2.3 Apply MARPOL 73/78 requirements for gas tankers |
4 | |
| 3.0 Ship Design and Cargo Containment
3.1 Establish elements of design 3.2 Describe means of cargo segregation and containment |
4 | |
| 4.0 Chemistry of Cargo and Applied Science
4.1 Outline physical and chemical properties of cargoes 4.2 Explain basic thermodynamic theory 4.3 Explain the principle of the controlled tank atmosphere |
4 | |
| 5.0 Cargo Handling Systems
5.1 Describe pipeline, pumping and discharge arrangements 5.2 Describe heat exchangers 5.3 Describe reliquefaction plants and boil-off control 5.4 Describe venting arrangements 5.5 Outline instrumentation requirements |
4 | |
| 6.0 Liquefied Gas Tanker Operations
6.1 Plan for port arrival 6.2 Describe procedures for loading 6.3 Measure and calculate cargo quantities 6.4 Care for cargo during transit 6.5 Preplan for discharge 6.6 Discharge cargo 6.7 Conduct ballast and de-ballast operations 6.8 Conduct cargo change-over procedures and tank cleaning 6.9 Gas-free and ventilate cargo tanks |
7 | |
| 7.0 Pollution Prevention
7.1 Discuss pollution of the marine environment from liquefied gas tankers 7.2 Summarize regulatory requirements for pollution prevention 7.3 Describe measures of pollution control |
3 | |
| 8.0 Health and Safety
8.1 Describe health hazards associated with liquefied gas cargoes 8.2 Identify personal protection and safety equipment 8.3 Describe the function and use of gas indicators 8.4 Implement control measures for enclosed space safety 8.5 Review fire-fighting principles |
4 | 4 |
| 9.0 Cargo and Emergency Management
9.1 Discuss the requirements of an emergency organization 9.2 Describe ship and shore emergency alarms 9.3 Summarize the International Safety Management System 9.4 Develop criteria for different types of emergency |
3 | |
| 35 hours | 4 hours | |
| Total | 39 hours | |
7.8 Syllabus
Topics and Learning Objectives
1. The Liquefied Gas Tanker
1.1 Summarize the development of the liquefied gas tanker trade
1.1.1 Outline the growth of the liquefied gas trade from the late1950’s
1.1.2 Describe the evolution of the transportation of liquefied gas in ships
1.1.3 Explain the basic principle of gas transport
1.1.4 Explain the requirement for standardized international regulations
1.2 Describe types of liquefied gas tankers
1.2.1 Identify:
1.2.1.1
LNG
carriers
1.2.1.2 Fully refrigerated ships
1.2.1.3 Ethylene carriers
1.2.1.4 Semi-pressurized ships
1.2.1.5 Pressurized ships
1.2.2 Differentiate
LNG
and
LPG
carriers
1.2.3 Explain the difference between liquefied gas tankers and chemical tankers
1.2.4 Name the division of gas tankers into the four ship types
1.2.5 Explain pressurized carriage
1.2.6 Explain refrigerated carriage
1.2.7 Identify different gas tankers from general arrangements (GA’s)
1.2.8 Identify general tank arrangements
1.3 Describe types of cargoes shipped in liquefied gas tankers
1.3.1 Differentiate liquefied gas and liquid bulk chemicals
1.3.2 Define the terms:
1.3.2.1
LNG
1.3.2.2
NGL
1.3.2.3
LPG
1.3.2.4 LEG
1.3.2.5 Chemical gases
1.3.3 Identify sources of
LNG
,
LPG
and
NGL
1.3.4 Explain the relationship between natural gas, natural gas liquids (
NGL
s) and Liquefied Petroleum Gases (
LPG
s)
1.3.5 Describe uses for
LNG
,
LPG
,
NGL
and the common chemical gases
1.3.6 List the most common cargoes and their conditions of carriage
1.3.7 Identify an International Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Liquefied Gases in Bulk stating what products can be carried in bulk for that particular vessel
1.3.8 Explain what chemicals can be carried in liquefied gas carriers and the additional requirements
2. Rules and Regulations
2.1 Discuss international and national codes and regulations
2.1.1 List the most important rules affecting gas tankers as:
2.1.1.1 International conventions
2.1.1.2 National regulations
2.1.1.3 Classification society rules
2.1.2 Identify the
IMO
as the international forum for shipping matters
2.1.3 Identify the main
IMO
conventions affecting tankers
2.1.3.1 Define
SOLAS
1974 as the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974
2.1.3.2 Define
MARPOL
73/78 as the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973/1978
2.1.3.3 Define
STCW
1995 as the International Convention for Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping, 1995
2.1.4 Explain how amendments affect the
IMO
conventions
2.1.5 Explain how the conventions are incorporated in national legislation
2.1.6 Differentiate
MARPOL
73/78 Annex I and Annex II
2.1.7 Link the Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate to
SOLAS
1974
2.1.8 Link the Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate to
SOLAS
1974
2.1.9 Link the International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate to
MARPOL
73/78
2.1.10 Link the International Pollution Prevention Certificate for the Carriage of Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk to
MARPOL
73/78
2.1.11 Link the requirements of the Gas Carrier Codes to the International Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Liquefied Gases in Bulk
2.1.12 Explain when and why gas tankers may be issued with a Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk
2.1.13 Explain the use of supplements to the certificates
2.1.14 Explain the difference between International Pollution Prevention Certificate for the Carriage of Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk and the International Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk
2.1.15 State the
ISM
Code is the International Safety Management Code
2.1.16 State a Safety Management System must be in place as required by the
ISM
Code
2.1.17 Identify the agencies responsible for the issue of certificates
2.1.17.1 Flag State
2.1.17.2 Delegated agencies
2.1.18 Identify regulations under the
CSA
affecting gas tankers
2.2 Describe the Gas Carrier Codes
2.2.1 Define ‘gas carrier’
2.2.2 Identify the Gas Carrier Codes:
2.2.2.1 International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code)
2.2.2.2 Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk
2.2.2.3 Code for Existing Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk
2.2.3 State the dates of compliance for the Gas Carrier Codes
2.2.4 Link the Gas Carrier Codes to
SOLAS
74 and
MARPOL
73/78
2.2.5 Explain the purpose of the Gas Carrier Codes
2.2.6 Summarize the content of the Gas Carrier Codes
2.2.7 List the content of Chapter 19 of the Gas Carrier Codes
2.2.8 Identify the Summary of Minimum Requirements from the Gas Carrier Codes, Chapter 19
2.2.9 Identify special requirements listed in the tables of the Gas Carrier Codes, Chapter 19
2.2.10 Identify the products in Chapter 19 of the Gas Carrier Codes, which are also covered by the Bulk Chemical Codes
2.2.11 Identify the Bulk Chemical Codes
2.2.12 Explain when a gas tanker must comply with both Gas Carrier Codes and Bulk Chemical Codes
2.2.13 Explain when the Gas Carrier Codes takes precedence over the Bulk Chemical Codes
2.2.14 Explain when a gas tanker must comply only with the Bulk Chemical Codes
2.3 Apply
MARPOL
73/78 requirements for gas tankers
2.3.1 Determine the application of
MARPOL
73/78 Annex II to gas tankers
2.3.2 Define ‘noxious liquid substance’ (NLS)
2.3.3 Categorize noxious liquid substances (NLS) according to
MARPOL
73/78 Annex II
2.3.4 Identify level of risk for each category
2.3.5 Outline how the discharge of NLS is controlled according to pollution category and areas
2.3.6 Outline the procedure for the provisional assessment of an uncategorized liquid substance
2.3.7 Identify carriage requirements of oil-like substances from 1 January 2007
2.3.8 Describe a Procedures and Arrangements Manual (
P&A
Manual)
2.3.8.1 Explain when a gas tanker must carry a
P&A
Manual
2.3.8.2 State which ships must carry a
P&A
Manual
2.3.8.3 Describe the arrangements of the
P&A
manual
2.3.8.4 State the
P&A
Manual is approved by the Administration only for that ship
2.3.8.5 Explain how the procedures in the
P&A
Manual ensure compliance with Annex II
2.3.8.6 Link the information provided in the
P&A
Manual to the Certificate of Fitness
2.3.9 Identify and describe the Cargo Record Book (
CRB
)
2.3.9.1 Identify the requirements for a
CRB
2.3.9.2 Explain what entries must be made in the
CRB
2.3.9.3 Illustrate correct and complete entries in the
CRB
2.3.9.4 Explain the legal implications of the
CRB
3. Ship Design and Cargo Containment
3.1 Establish elements of design
3.1.1 Identify general tank and ship arrangements
3.1.2 State the primary purpose of the
IMO
Gas Carrier Codes
3.1.3 Identify ship types from the Gas Carrier Codes
3.1.4 Explain the reason for ship types as defined in the Gas Carrier Codes
3.1.5 Identify the hierarchy of ship types from 3G through 1G in relation to greatest overall hazard for products carried
3.1.6 Explain how the ship type prescribes the survival capability
3.1.7 Explain assumed damage in relation to the ship types
3.1.8 Identify the inboard location of cargo tanks for each ship type
3.1.9 Describe other safety aspects of design in relation to:
3.1.9.1 Accommodation, service and machinery spaces and control stations
3.1.9.2 Cargo pump rooms and cargo compressor rooms
3.1.9.3 Cargo control rooms
3.1.9.4 Access to spaces in the cargo area
3.1.9.5 Air-locks and alarms
3.1.9.6 Ventilation
3.1.9.6.1 Positive pressure
3.1.9.6.2 Negative pressure
3.1.9.7 Bilge, ballast and fuel oil arrangements
3.1.9.8 Location of cargo tank vents
3.1.9.9 Electrical installations
3.2 Describe means of cargo segregation and containment
3.2.1 Identify references from the Gas Carrier Codes dealing with segregation and containment
3.2.2 Describe the terms:
3.2.2.1 Gas-dangerous spaces
3.2.2.2 Gas-dangerous zones
3.2.3 Differentiate ‘gas-safe space’ and ‘gas-dangerous space’
3.2.4 Define:
3.2.4.1 Integral tank
3.2.4.2 Membrane tank
3.2.4.3 Semi-membrane tank
3.2.4.4 Independent tank
3.2.4.5 Internal insulation tank
3.2.5 Explain the concept of the cargo containment system:
3.2.5.1 Primary barrier (cargo tank)
3.2.5.2 Secondary barrier (if fitted)
3.2.5.3 Associated thermal insulation
3.2.5.4 Intervening spaces
3.2.5.5 Adjacent support structure
3.2.6 Discuss the following terms with regard to the cargo containment system:
3.2.6.1 Thermal stress, expansion and contraction
3.2.6.2 Stress caused by vapour pressure and weight of the liquid
3.2.6.3 Stress caused by sloshing
3.2.6.4 Type and thickness of tank material
3.2.6.5 Types and thickness of insulation material
3.2.6.6 Method of tank support
3.2.6.7 Location of tank
3.2.6.8 Cargo limitation
3.2.7 Explain each item of section 3.2.6 in relation to:
3.2.7.1 Integral tanks
3.2.7.2 Gaz Transport membrane tanks
3.2.7.3 Technigaz membrane tanks
3.2.7.4 Independent tanks of type A (
LPG
)
3.2.7.5 Independent tanks of type A (Conch)
3.2.7.6 Independent tanks of type B (Kvaerner-Moss/Moss Rosenberg)
3.2.7.7 Independent tanks of type C
3.2.7.8 Internal insulation tanks
3.2.8 Give examples of types of cargo suitable for each of the four ship types
4. Chemistry of Cargo and Applied Science
4.1 Outline physical and chemical properties of cargoes
4.1.1 Define liquefied gas
4.1.2 Explain the relationship between liquefied gas cargoes and hydrocarbons
4.1.3 Describe the characteristics of the hydrocarbon atom in various arrangements:
4.1.3.1 Up to four carbon atoms
4.1.3.2 5 to 20 carbon atoms
4.1.3.3 More than 20 carbon atoms
4.1.4 Explain, with the aid of a molecular structure diagram:
4.1.4.1 A saturated hydrocarbon molecule
4.1.4.2 An unsaturated hydrocarbon molecule
4.1.4.3 A typical chemical gas molecule
4.1.5 Describe the characteristics of chemical gases
4.1.6 Explain dewpoint
4.1.7 Give examples of typical liquefied gas cargoes that are:
4.1.7.1 Saturated hydrocarbons
4.1.7.2 Unsaturated hydrocarbons
4.1.7.3 Chemical gases
4.1.8 Explain ‘stenching’ and how and why it is necessary
4.1.9 Explain the term ‘inhibitor’ and the general characteristics of inhibitors
4.1.10 Explain the reason for and use of inhibitors for ‘unstable’ and reactive cargoes
4.1.11 Identify and describe a Certificate of Inhibition
4.1.12 Describe the conditions for transportation of some reactive cargoes, which do not require an inhibitor
4.1.13 Explain the following and the density temperature relationship:
4.1.13.1 Density of liquids
4.1.13.2 Density of gases
4.1.13.3 Density of vapours
4.1.14 Explain vapour pressure and how it varies with temperature
4.1.15 Explain saturated vapour pressure
4.1.16 Define boiling point
4.1.17 Identify a pressure-temperature-density diagram and explain its use
4.1.18 Introduce Cargo Data Sheets
4.1.19 Extract physical data of liquefied gas given in Cargo Data Sheets
4.1.20 Explain the following terms:
4.1.20.1 Diffusion and mixing of gases
4.1.20.2 Solubility of gases in liquids
4.1.20.3 Miscibility between liquids and effects of temperature on miscibility
4.1.20.4 Vapour pressure of solutions
4.1.20.5 Densities of solutions
4.1.20.6 Variation in dewpoints and effect of low temperatures
4.1.20.7 The phenomenon of rollover
4.1.20.8 The
LPG
-mix
4.1.20.9 The equilibrium diagram for
LPG
mixture
4.1.21 Explain ‘chemical reactivity’
4.1.22 Explain the terms and provide examples of cargoes which:
4.1.22.1 Self-react
4.1.22.2 React with air
4.1.22.3 React with water
4.1.22.4 React between cargoes
4.1.22.5 Polymerize
4.1.22.6 Require an inhibitor
4.1.23 Identify reactions of cargoes with tank coatings and other materials
4.1.24 Extract reactivity data from Cargo Data Sheets
4.1.25 Describe precautions against reactivity
4.2 Explain basic thermodynamic theory
4.2.1 Define:
4.2.1.1 Absolute temperature
4.2.1.2 Absolute pressure
4.2.1.3 Enthalpy
4.2.1.4 Latent heat of vaporization
4.2.2 Describe the three states of aggregation
4.2.3 Explain the relationship between pressure and boiling point
4.2.4 Define:
4.2.4.1 Critical temperature of a gas
4.2.4.2 Critical pressure of a gas
4.2.4.3 Critical point of a gas
4.2.5 Explain the relationship between temperature and enthalpy for the various states of aggregation
4.2.6 Identify a Mollier diagram, explain its purpose and use
4.2.7 Explain the first and second laws of thermodynamics
4.2.8 Explain the gas laws and state their limitations in practical use
4.2.9 Define the general gas equation and state its limitation in practical use
4.2.10 Explain:
4.2.10.1 Dalton’s law
4.2.10.2 Joule’s law
4.2.10.3 Avogadro’s law
4.3 Explain the principle of the controlled tank atmosphere
4.3.1 Define:
4.3.1.1 Flashpoint
4.3.1.2 Auto-ignition temperature
4.3.2 Identify flash point from Cargo Data Sheets
4.3.3 Describe flammable range, lower flammable limit (
LFL
) and upper flammable limit (
UFL
)
4.3.4 Identify and explain the flammability chart
4.3.5 Identify fire and explosion data from a Cargo Data Sheet
4.3.6 Define inert gas (
IG
)
4.3.7 Identify regulations for inert gas systems on gas tankers
4.3.8 Describe methods of production and supply of inert gas
4.3.9 List the general characteristics of composition and temperature of inert gas
4.3.10 Describe the advantages and disadvantages of inert gas from an IG generator
4.3.11 Describe methods of drying inert gas
4.3.12 Explain when nitrogen is used instead of inert gas
4.3.13 Differentiate inert and non-inert tank atmosphere
4.3.14 Explain how and why inert gas is used:
4.3.14.1 In cargo tanks to suppress flammability
4.3.14.2 For interbarrier and hold spaces
4.3.14.3 For some air-reactive cargoes
5. Cargo Handling Systems
5.1 Describe pipeline, pumping and discharge arrangements
5.1.1 Describe general cargo piping arrangements on gas tankers
5.1.2 Identify materials of construction
5.1.3 Explain the use of strainers in cargo piping systems
5.1.4 Identify and describe commonly used types of valve
5.1.4.1 Ball valves
5.1.4.2 Globe valves
5.1.4.3 Gate valves
5.1.4.4 Butterfly valves
5.1.5 Describe the use of spool-pieces in cargo pipelines
5.1.6 Explain where remote and manually operated shut-off valves are required
5.1.7 Describe the emergency shutdown system
5.1.8 Discuss the care, handling and use of cargo hoses:
5.1.8.1 Types of hose suitable for gas tankers
5.1.8.2 Compatibility and suitability for different cargoes
5.1.8.3 Cargo temperature limitations
5.1.8.4 Inspection and testing procedures
5.1.8.5 Certification of hoses
5.1.8.6 Maintenance and correct handling
5.1.9 Explain basic pumping concepts of centrifugal pumps
5.1.10 Describe deepwell pumps and submerged pumps
5.1.10.1 Explain their use on refrigerated gas tankers
5.1.10.2 On deck on pressurized ships
5.1.11 Describe alternative discharge methods:
5.1.11.1 By pressurizing the vapour space
5.1.11.2 With or without booster pumps
5.1.11.3 Via booster pump and cargo heater
5.1.12 Discuss the benefits and limitations of centrifugal pumps
5.1.13 Explain cavitation
5.1.14 Explain the pump graph with regard to:
5.1.14.1 Performance curve
5.1.14.2 Efficiency
5.1.14.3 Power consumption
5.1.14.4 NPSH
5.1.15 Explain the terms:
5.1.15.1 Total head
5.1.15.2 Design point
5.1.15.3 NPSH
5.1.15.4 Cavitation
5.1.16 Explain the factors that influence a pump’s suction condition
5.1.17 Explain the use and characteristics of running:
5.1.17.1 Two or more pumps in parallel
5.1.17.2 Two or more pumps in series
5.1.17.3 Pumps in series with a booster pump
5.1.18 Explain:
5.1.18.1 Static back-pressure
5.1.18.2 Dynamic back-pressure
5.1.18.3 Factors influencing dynamic back-pressure
5.1.19 Explain how discharge rate is affected by:
5.1.19.1 Pressure in shore-tank
5.1.19.2 Static back-pressure
5.1.19.3 Dynamic back-pressure
5.1.20 Explain the Q-H curve and a system head curve
5.1.21 Describe safe handling and operation of
5.1.21.1 A deepwell pump
5.1.21.2 A submerged pump
5.1.21.3 A booster pump
5.1.22 Describe stripping and other methods of liquid removal
5.2 Describe heat exchangers
5.2.1 List the purposes of heat exchangers
5.2.2 Describe a cargo heater arrangement
5.2.3 Explain heating of very low temperature cargoes during discharge
5.2.4 Explain the use of vaporizers
5.2.5 Describe heating medium for:
5.2.5.1 Heat exchangers
5.2.5.2 Vaporizers
5.2.6 Describe correct use and handling of heat exchangers
5.3 Describe reliquefaction plants and boil-off control
5.3.1 Define ‘boil-off’
5.3.2 Explain methods of controlling vapour pressure in cargo tanks
5.3.3 Describe a system for handling
LNG
boil-off vapour
5.3.4 List precautions for handling
LNG
vapour
5.3.5 Describe:
5.3.5.1 A single-stage direct reliquefaction system and its limitations
5.3.5.2 A two-stage direct system and its limitations
5.3.5.3 A cascade system
5.3.6 Use a Mollier diagram to explain:
5.3.6.1 The single-stage direct reliquefaction cycle
5.3.6.2 The two-stage direct reliquefaction cycle
5.3.6.3 The stages in a cascade cycle
5.3.7 Describe an indirect system:
5.3.7.1 Different types of indirect system
5.3.7.2 Limitations of the indirect system
5.3.8 Identify, from the Gas Codes, cargoes requiring an indirect system
5.3.9 Explain benefits and drawbacks of different types of reliquefaction systems
5.4 Describe venting arrangements
5.4.1 Describe a cargo tank vent system
5.4.2 Describe where and when:
5.4.2.1 Pressure-relief devices are required
5.4.2.2 Where at least two pressure-relief valves are required
5.4.3 Describe the operating principle of:
5.4.3.1 A pilot-operated safety-relief valve
5.4.3.2 A spring-loaded safety-relief valve
5.4.4 Explain ‘set point’ of a safety relief valve and its purpose
5.4.5 Explain the procedures to follow for changing the settings of relief valves
5.4.6 Identify additional requirements for certain cargoes
5.4.7 Explain the vacuum-protection system
5.4.8 Identify safe handling procedures and safety precautions for relief devices, vent masts and piping
5.5 Outline instrumentation requirements
5.5.1 Explain the terms intrinsically safe, flameproof and increased safety equipment
5.5.2 Describe the principles of operation and types of gauging devices for cargo tanks
5.5.2.1 Indirect type
5.5.2.2 Closed device, not penetrating the tank
5.5.2.3 Closed device, penetrating the tank
5.5.2.4 Restricted devices, such as fixed tube and slip tube
5.5.3 Identify correct handling procedures and precautions for types of gauges
5.5.4 Identify special requirements for particular cargoes
5.5.5 Outline, using the IGC Code, the requirements for:
5.5.5.1 Pressure gauges
5.5.5.2 Temperature indicating devices
5.5.5.3 Fixed gas-detection systems
5.5.5.4 Emergency shutdown system
5.5.5.5 High level alarms
5.5.5.6 Fixed water-spray system
5.5.6 Describe with the aid of a drawing:
5.5.6.1 The function of a fixed gas-detection system
5.5.6.2 The procedure to calibrate a fixed gas detector
5.5.6.3 The function of an emergency shutdown system
5.5.6.4 A fixed water-spray system
5.5.6.5 A glycol system
5.5.6.6 An alcohol-injection system
5.5.7 Explain the use of glycol and glycol-water mixtures
5.5.8 Explain how to measure the freezing point of a glycol-water mixture
5.5.9 Describe where alcohol is used in the cargo system
6. Liquefied Gas Tanker Operations
6.1 Plan for port arrival
6.1.1 List information provided to the gas tanker before arrival
6.1.2 List information provided to the shore before arrival
6.1.3 Complete pre-arrival checklists
6.1.4 Prepare a load, discharge, ballast and de-ballast plan
6.1.5 Perform pre-arrival stress and stability calculations
6.1.6 Identify any special equipment needed for particular cargoes
6.1.7 Ascertain minimum allowable inner hull steel temperatures
6.1.8 Identify requirements for inhibited cargoes
6.1.9 Identify other requirements for cargo compatibility
6.1.10 Identify requirements for inerting before loading
6.1.11 Discuss the importance of tank cleanliness for the loading of cargoes
6.1.12 Explain the requirements of drying, inerting, and cooling down
6.1.13 Identify cargo separation requirements for chemically reactive cargoes
6.1.14 Inspect and test relevant cargo operation systems
6.1.15 Prepare fire equipment for cargo operations
6.1.16 Identify personnel for cargo operations
6.2 Describe procedures for loading
6.2.1 Identify the cargo information and shipping documents required for safe loading of cargoes
6.2.2 Identify the ship-shore checklist and pre-transfer procedures
6.2.3 Identify special requirements from the Gas Codes
6.2.4 Verify the load plan against cargo to load
6.2.5 Describe general precautions to be taken prior to loading
6.2.6 Explain lining up for loading
6.2.7 Co-relate the setting of the safety relief valve and the filling limit of the cargo tank
6.2.8 Explain the requirements for cargo sampling
6.2.9 Explain cool-down procedures and precautions to take
6.2.10 Obtain cool-down time by calculation or estimate from a diagram
6.2.11 Explain factors affecting load time
6.2.12 Describe the load sequence
6.2.13 Control vapours during loading
6.2.14 Identify maximum allowable filling limits
6.2.15 Discuss, generally, loading of:
6.2.15.1 Refrigerated ships
6.2.15.2 Pressurized ships
6.2.15.3 Pressurized ships from refrigerated storage
6.2.15.4 Semi-pressurized ships from refrigerated storage
6.2.16 Describe procedures to take on completion of loading
6.3 Measure and calculate cargo quantities
6.3.1 Explain the reasons for tank filling limits
6.3.2 Identify a list or diagram showing maximum allowable filling limits
6.3.3 Define:
6.3.3.1 Ullage
6.3.3.2 Innage
6.3.3.3 Sounding
6.3.4 Calculate, given sample data, the maximum allowable filling volume of cargo tanks
6.3.5 Identify units of measurement used in cargo calculations
6.3.6 Identify calculation of the liquid phase and vapour phase for cargo quantities
6.3.7 Calculate tank quantities, allow for corrections and correct for temperature and pressure
6.3.8 Show a cargo report
6.4 Care for cargo during transit
6.4.1 Explain precautions to take to avoid cargo loss during transit
6.4.2 Explain how to maintain cargo temperature, pressure and quantity according to shipper’s instructions
6.4.3 Explain cargo care and safety during transit
6.4.4 Explain how boil-off is used as fuel on
LNG
ships
6.4.5 Describe, with a diagram, reliquefaction of cargo vapour and precautions to take
6.4.6 Use the Gas Codes to discuss special cargo condition requirements for:
6.4.6.1 Chlorine
6.4.6.2 Ethylene oxide
6.4.6.3 Methylacetylene-propadiene mixtures (MAP-gas)
6.4.6.4 Propylene oxide and mixtures of ethylene oxide – propylene oxide with ethylene oxide content not more than 30% by weight
6.4.7 Ascertain refrigeration efficiency and factors that reduce efficiency
6.5 Preplan for discharge
6.5.1 Identify the cargo information and shipping documents required for safe discharge of cargoes
6.5.2 Identify the functional tests required prior to arrival at the disport
6.5.3 Identify terminal requirements for cargo tank pressures and temperatures
6.5.4 Identify method of discharge:
6.5.4.1 Pressure discharge
6.5.4.2 Pressure and booster-pump discharge
6.5.4.3 Centrifugal cargo-pump discharge
6.5.4.4 Centrifugal cargo-pump and booster-pump discharge
6.5.5 Explain the requirements for line and cargo sampling
6.5.6 Describe general precautions to be taken prior to discharging
6.5.7 Identify trim and stability requirements
6.6 Discharge cargo
6.6.1 Perform cargo calculations
6.6.2 Complete ship-shore checklist
6.6.3 Line-up for discharge
6.6.4 Describe general precautions before discharge
6.6.5 Describe different methods of discharge
6.6.6 Describe a discharge with and without a vapour return
6.6.7 Explain cargo discharge with heating
6.6.8 Explain reasons to maintain over-pressure during discharge
6.6.9 Describe procedures for draining tanks
6.6.10 Describe procedures to take on completion of discharge
6.6.11 Make entries in the Cargo Record Book
6.6.12 Explain ship-to-ship transfer
6.7 Conduct ballast and de-ballast operations
6.7.1 Identify a ballast pipeline and pumping arrangement
6.7.2 Describe a ballast/de-ballast sequence identifying:
6.7.2.1 General stability and trim requirements
6.7.2.2 Stability problems with different ballast tank configurations
6.7.2.3 Ballasting during cargo operations
6.7.2.4 Precautions to take before and during ballasting of cargo tanks
6.7.2.5 Free surface effect
6.8 Conduct cargo change-over procedures and tank cleaning
6.8.1 Identify compatibility of next cargo
6.8.2 Use tables as a guide to cargo and construction material compatibility
6.8.3 Discuss change over procedures:
6.8.3.1 Removal of remaining liquid
6.8.3.2 Warming-up
6.8.3.3 Inerting
6.8.3.4 Gas freeing
6.8.3.5 Aeration
6.8.3.6 Tank cleaning
6.8.3.7 Visual inspection
6.8.4 Explain the procedure for vapourizing cargo residue and warming of the tank shell
6.8.5 Explain:
6.8.5.1 Reasons for inerting
6.8.5.2 Basic methods of inerting
6.8.5.3 Methods of tank cleaning
6.8.6 Describe, with the aid of a flammability diagram, the effects of:
6.8.6.1 Dilution with inert gas
6.8.6.2 Aeration
6.8.6.3 Critical dilution with air
6.8.6.4 Flammability hazard
6.9 Gas-free and ventilate cargo tanks
6.9.1 Explain the purpose of gas-freeing
6.9.2 Describe the equipment used for gas-freeing
6.9.3 Explain different ventilation methods with regard to:
6.9.3.1 Type of equipment
6.9.3.2 Weight of cargo vapours
6.9.3.3 Shape of the tank
6.9.4 Describe safety precautions to take during gas freeing
6.9.5 Describe the equipment used for checking for a gas-free tank
6.9.6 Explain when a tank is considered to be gas-free
7. Pollution Prevention
7.1 Discuss pollution of the marine environment from liquefied gas tankers
7.1.1 Identify worldwide pollution incidents from liquefied gas tankers
7.1.2 Describe how pollution can occur from liquefied gas tankers:
7.1.2.1 In port
7.1.2.2 At sea
7.1.3 Describe pollution as:
7.1.3.1 Controlled releases of liquid and/or vapours
7.1.3.2 Uncontrolled release liquid and/or vapours
7.1.4 Explain why a controlled release of liquid and/or vapours may be necessary
7.1.5 Explain when an uncontrolled release of liquid and/or vapours may occur
7.1.6 Describe the effects of spillage of liquefied gas
7.1.7 Describe the effects of soluble liquefied gases in water
7.1.8 Describe pollution from bunker and fuel oil spills and discharges
7.1.9 State the penalties for pollution of Canadian waters
7.2 Summarize regulatory requirements for pollution prevention
7.2.1 Identify the relevant annexes of
MARPOL
73/78 (amended) affecting liquefied gas tankers
7.2.2 Determine when Annex II of
MARPOL
73/78 (amended) applies to liquefied gas tankers
7.2.3 Identify
CSA
‘Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships and for Dangerous Chemicals’
7.2.3.1 Explain when they apply to liquefied gas tankers
7.2.3.2 Explain the provisions, prohibition and exceptions for discharge in waters under Canadian jurisdiction
7.2.3.3 Identify the main requirements dealing with Transfer Operations
7.2.4 Explain when the following certificates are issued:
7.2.4.1 Canadian Noxious Liquid Substances Certificate
7.2.4.2 International Pollution Prevention Certificate for the Carriage of NLS in bulk
7.2.4.3 Certificate of Compliance (NLS)
7.2.4.4 International Certificate of Fitness for the carriage of Liquefied Gases in Bulk
7.2.5 Identify the requirements for a shipboard oil pollution emergency plan in
MARPOL
73/78
Annex I (
SOPEP
)
7.2.6 Identify the requirements for a shipboard marine pollution emergency plan for noxious liquid substances in
MARPOL
73/78 Annex II (
SMPEP
)
7.3 Describe measures of pollution control
7.3.1 Summarize the content of a
SOPEP
7.3.2 Link the
SOPEP
to the
SMPEP
7.3.3 Explain how a
SMPEP
can incorporate provisions of a
SOPEP
7.3.4 Discuss the importance of timely response to marine spills
7.3.5 Evaluate the effects of timely and delayed response to a marine spill
7.3.6 List pollution prevention equipment required on board
7.3.7 Describe methods of containment using ship pollution equipment
7.3.8 Describe pollution prevention equipment limitations
7.3.9 Discuss the use of chemical dispersants and detergents
7.3.10 Identify parties responsible for:
7.3.10.1 Clean up
7.3.10.2 Resources available
7.3.10.3 Assistance available
7.3.10.4 Supply of pollution prevention equipment
7.3.10.5 Disposal
7.3.10.6 Costs for a marine spill
7.3.11 List equipment available from a shore based pollution response centre
7.3.12 Identify resources for response to pollution
8. Health and Safety
8.1 Describe health hazards associated with liquefied gas cargoes
8.1.1 Define ‘health hazard’
8.1.2 Identify the
IMO
Medical First Aid Guide for Accidents Involving Dangerous Goods (
MFAG
)
8.1.3 Identify health hazards posed by cargoes:
8.1.3.1 Toxicity
8.1.3.2 Asphyxia
8.1.3.3 Low temperatures
8.1.3.4 Chemical burns
8.1.4 Explain how chemicals and gases may enter and affect the human body
8.1.5 Explain the synergistic effect of some chemicals
8.1.6 Describe toxic effects from:
8.1.6.1 Vapours from fires of certain gases and chemicals
8.1.6.2 Inhibitors
8.1.6.3 Inert gas
8.1.7 Describe the general symptoms of systemic poisoning and irritants
8.1.8 Explain the general symptoms of:
8.1.8.1 Asphyxia
8.1.8.2 Anesthesia
8.1.8.3 Frost bite
8.1.9 Explain ‘toxicity’, how it is measured and expressed
8.1.10 Identify ‘health data’ from Cargo Data Sheets
8.1.11 Show and explain a Material Safety Data Sheet for sample products
8.1.12 Differentiate
MSDS
and Cargo Hazard Sheets
8.1.13 Identify ‘health data’ from
MSDS
8.1.14 Extract first-aid procedures from Cargo Data Sheets
8.1.15 Identify medical first-aid equipment provided onboard including oxygen resuscitation equipment and antidotes for products carried
8.1.16 Explain when professional medical treatment and advice should be sought
8.1.17 Extract information from the
MFAG
for sample products
8.2 Identify personal protection and safety equipment
8.2.1 Identify personnel protection requirements from the Gas Codes and regulations
8.2.2 List typical protective equipment required onboard
8.2.3 Identify emergency escape equipment and limitations
8.2.4 Describe the use, storage and maintenance of safety and protective equipment
8.2.5 List additional safety equipment required for ships carrying toxic products and certain cargoes
8.2.6 Differentiate total protection and partial protection
8.2.7 Demonstrate the use of personal safety and protective equipment
8.3 Describe the function and use of gas indicators
8.3.1 Describe the operating principle of:
8.3.1.1 A catalytic-filament combustible-gas indicator
8.3.1.2 A non-catalytic heated-filament gas indicator
8.3.1.3 A refractive index meter
8.3.1.4 Chemical indicator tubes
8.3.1.5 An oxygen meter with paramagnetic sensors
8.3.1.6 An oxygen analyzer with electrolytic sensor
8.3.2 Carry-out instrument-check procedures and gas measurements
8.3.3 Explain the role of the marine chemist
8.3.4 Describe the content, details and use of work permits
8.3.5 Explain the suitability and limitations of each gas indicator
8.4 Implement control measures for enclosed space safety
8.4.1 Define the enclosed space
8.4.2 Identify enclosed spaces
8.4.3 Identify potential hazards
8.4.4 Discuss the role and duties of a ‘responsible person’
8.4.5 Review the requirements of the
SMS
8.4.6 Analyze check lists by identifying important elements
8.4.7 Assess hazards prior to entry
8.4.8 Recommend procedures and safety practices for tank entry
8.4.8.1 List precautions to take for tank entry
8.4.8.2 Identify tank atmosphere test procedures
8.4.8.3 List equipment required
8.4.8.4 Identify key personnel
8.4.8.5 Analyze tank entry checklists
8.4.9 Simulate tank entry and evacuation procedures using:
8.4.9.1 Tank evacuation equipment
8.4.9.2 Resuscitation equipment
8.4.9.3 Self-contained breathing apparatus
8.4.10 Recommend safety procedures and practices for other enclosed spaces
8.5 Review fire-fighting principles
8.5.1 Explain the principles of fire prevention
8.5.2 List sources of emission of flammable cargo vapours
8.5.3 Identify possible ignition sources on liquefied gas tankers
8.5.4 Extract auto-ignition temperatures for sample cargoes from Cargo Data Sheets
8.5.5 Identify fire safety measures for tankers from
SOLAS
74, exceptions and additional requirements from the Gas Codes
8.5.6 List methods of controlling fire
8.5.7 Describe advantages, disadvantages and methods of controlling fires on liquefied gas tankers with:
8.5.7.1 Water
8.5.7.2 Foam
8.5.7.3 Dry chemical powders
8.5.7.4 Carbon dioxide systems
8.5.8 Describe specific fire-fighting techniques for liquefied gas cargoes
8.5.9 Define the term
BLEVE
8.5.10 Explain the phenomenon of the
BLEVE
8.5.11 Describe:
8.5.11.1 Water spray system and areas of coverage
8.5.11.2 Fixed dry-powder system
8.5.11.3 ‘Total flooding’ systems
8.5.12 Explain the use of the IG system in fire prevention
9. Cargo and Emergency management
9.1 Discuss the requirements of an emergency organization
9.1.1 List the main components of an emergency organization
9.1.2 Explain the function of an emergency organization
9.1.3 List information that should be available to the emergency organization
9.1.4 Give an overview of general emergency procedures
9.1.5 Simulate the action required for different emergencies
9.2 Describe ship and shore emergency alarms
9.2.1 Describe different ship alarms used in cases of emergency
9.2.2 Describe shore and terminal alarms used in cases of emergency
9.2.3 Identify emergency shut-down (
ESD
) systems
9.2.4 Identify emergency release (
ERS
) systems
9.3 Summarize the International Safety Management System
9.3.1 State the mandatory
ISM
Code requirements for Safety Management
9.3.2 State the objectives of the
ISM
Code
9.3.3 Describe the Document of Compliance (
DOC
) and the Safety Management Certificate (
SMC
)
9.3.4 State the requirements of a Safety Management Manual (
SMM
)
9.3.5 List the type of emergencies that require written procedures
9.3.6 Discuss the use of Contingency Plans
9.4 Develop criteria for different types of emergency
9.4.1 Identify the
IMO
publication ‘Guidelines for the Development of Shipboard Emergency Response Plans’
9.4.2 Differentiate operational and non-operational emergencies
9.4.3 Discuss the use of emergency plans
9.4.4 Implement and evaluate the effectiveness of emergency plans
9.4.5 Develop criteria for monitoring alarms
9.4.6 Develop procedures for responding to alarms
9.4.7 Discuss training for emergencies
9.4.8 Discuss, with the use of casualty reports, emergency scenarios and responses