Hang Glider
Fourth Edition
August 2007
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXAMINATION PREREQUISITES
KNOWLEDGE REQUIREMENTS
WRITTEN EXAMINATION
EXAMINATION RULES
REWRITING OF EXAMINATIONS
EXAMINATION FEEDBACK
SECTION 1 – AIR LAW AND PROCEDURES
SECTION 2 – FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS
The conditions of issue of all flight crew licences and ratings are stated in the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs).
Prior to taking a written examination, an applicant shall meet the prerequisites for the examination set out in the personnel licensing standards with respect to CAR 401.13(1)
- medical fitness;
- identification;
Pilots wishing to conduct hang glider operations in Class E airspace shall thoroughly understand the operational provisions of the CARs and Air Traffic Services and Procedures that are appropriate to the operations of hang glider in accordance with flight under the Visual Flight Rules (VFR).
As well, they shall have a basic understanding of the remaining subjects in this guide, and the ability to apply these subjects practically where required.
Pilots wishing to conduct hang glider operations in Class E airspace shall demonstrate their knowledge by writing a Transport Canada examination consisting of 40 multiple-choice questions on the subjects contained in this guide.
| Examination | Questions | Time Limit | Pass Mark |
| Class "E" Airspace (Hang Glider) Air Law and Procedures (HAGAR) | 40 | 2½ hours | 60% |
CAR 400.02 (1)
- Except as authorized by an invigilator, no person shall, or shall attempt to, in respect of a written examination,
- copy or remove from any place all or any portion of the text of the examination;
- give to or accept from any person a copy of all or any portion of the text of the examination;
- give help to or accept help from any person during the examination;
- complete all or any portion of the examination on behalf of any other person; or
- use any aid or written material during the examination.
- A person who commits an act prohibited under subsection (1) fails the examination and may not take any other examination for a period of one year.
CAR 400.04 (1)
Subject to subsections (2) and (6), a person who fails an examination or a section of a sectionalized examination required for the issuance of a flight crew permit, licence, rating or foreign licence validation certificate is ineligible to rewrite the examination or the failed section for a period of
in the case of a first failure, 14 days;
in the case of a second failure, 30 days; and
in the case of a third or subsequent failure, 30 days plus an additional 30 days for each failure in excess of two failures, up to a maximum of 180 days.
Feedback statements on the results letter will inform the candidate which questions were answered incorrectly.
Example of a Feedback Statement: Identify the atmospheric conditions favorable for thunderstorm formation.
SECTION 1 – AIR LAW AND PROCEDURES
CANADIAN AVIATION REGULATIONS (CARs)
Some Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs) refer to their associated standards. Questions from the CARs may test knowledge from the regulation or the standard.
PART I - GENERAL PROVISIONS
101 - INTERPRETATION
101.01 Interpretation
103 - ADMINISTRATION AND COMPLIANCE
103.02 Inspection of Aircraft, Requests for Production of Documents and Prohibitions
103.03 Return of Canadian Aviation Documents
PART VI - GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES
600 - INTERPRETATION
600.01 Interpretation
601 - AIRSPACE STRUCTURE, CLASSIFICATION AND USE
601.01 Airspace Structure
601.02 Airspace Classification
601.04 IFR or VFR Flight in Class F Special Use Restricted Airspace or Class F Special Use Advisory Airspace
AIRCRAFT OPERATING RESTRICTIONS AND HAZARDS TO AVIATION SAFETY
601.14 Interpretation
601.15 Forest Fire Aircraft Operating Restrictions
602 - OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES
GENERAL
602.01 Reckless or Negligent Operation of Aircraft
602.02 Fitness of Flight Crew Members
602.03 Alcohol or Drugs - Crew Members
602.04 Alcohol or Drugs - Passengers
602.05 Compliance with Instructions
602.12 Overflight of Built-up Areas or Open-Air Assemblies of Persons during Take-offs, Approaches and Landings
602.13 Take-offs, Approaches and Landings within Built-up Areas of Cities and Towns
602.14 Minimum Altitude and Distances
602.19 Right-of-Way - General
602.21 Avoidance of Collision
602.22 Towing
602.23 Dropping of Objects
602.24 Formation Flight
602.27 Aerobatic Manoeuvres - Prohibited Areas and Flight Conditions
602.29 Hang Glider and Ultra-light Aeroplane Operation
602.31 Compliance with Air Traffic Control Instructions and Clearances
602.34 Cruising Altitudes and Cruising Flight Levels
602.35 Altimeter-setting and Operating Procedures in the Altimeter-setting Region
602.36 Altimeter-setting and Operating Procedures in the Standard Pressure Region
FLIGHT PREPARATION, FLIGHT PLANS AND FLIGHT ITINERARIES
602.71 Pre-flight Information
602.72 Weather Information
OPERATIONS AT OR IN THE VICINITY OF AN AERODROME
602.96 General
602.97 VFR and IFR Aircraft Operations at Uncontrolled Aerodromes within a MF Area (Mandatory Frequency Area)
602.98 General MF Reporting Requirements
602.101 MF Reporting Procedures on Arrival
602.103 Reporting Procedures when Flying through an MF Area
VISUAL FLIGHT RULES
602.114 Minimum Visual Meteorological Conditions for VFR Flight in VFR Flight in Controlled Airspace
602.115 Minimum Visual Meteorological Conditions for VFR Flight in Uncontrolled Airspace
RADIOCOMMUNICATIONS
602.133 Language Used in Aeronautical Radiocommunications
602.136 Continuous Listening Watch
605 - AIRCRAFT REQUIREMENTS
AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS
605.31 Oxygen Equipment and Supply
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SERVICES AND PROCEDURES
- Flight Service Stations (FSS) / Flight Information Centres (FIC) – Available Services
- Clearances and Instructions
- Communications Procedures
- Airport/Aerodrome Operations-Controlled
- Airport/Aerodrome Operations-Uncontrolled
- Mandatory Frequencies
- Aerodrome Traffic Frequencies
- Low Level Controlled Airspace-Types, Dimensions, Flight Rules
- Special Use Airspace'
SECTION 2 – FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS
ALTIMETER
- Basic Operating Principles
- Setting and Use
MAGNETIC COMPASS
- Use, Limitations and Faults
- Reading the Compass
- Checking Compass Heading on the Ground and in Flight
AERONAUTICAL CHARTS
- Aeronautical Information Including the Location of Airports and Aerodromes, Class B, C, D and E Controlled Airspace, Class F Special Use Airspace and Class G Uncontrolled Airspace
- Topographical Symbol
- Elevation and Contour
- Scale and Units of Measurement
- Locating Position by Latitude and Longitude
- True and Magnetic Heading
PRE-FLIGHT PREPARATION
- NOTAM for Planned Route
- VFR Weather requirements for Planned Route
AIRMANSHIP (TC AIM – AIR 2.9)
- Wake Turbulence, Causes, Effects and Avoidance
AVIATION PHYSIOLOGY
- Vision and Visual Scanning
- Hypoxia/Hyperventilation
- Decompression Sickness
THE PILOT AND THE OPERATING ENVIRONMENT
- Medications (Prescribed, Over-the-Counter)
- Substance Abuse
- Effects of Heat/Cold
- Effects of Smoking
AVIATION PSYCHOLOGY
- The Decision-Making Process
- Factors that influence Decision-Making
- Managing Risk
- Hazardous Attitudes and their Antidote
- Pilot Decision-Making (TP 8940E)
- Canada's Airspace Poster (TP 6010)
- Aeronautical Information Manual (TC AIM) (TP 14371E)
- Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs)
- The Pilot's Guide to Human Factors
- VFR Navigation Charts (VNC)/VFR Terminal Area Charts (VTA)
- Canada Flight Supplement (CFS)
The Study Guide for the Radiotelephone Operator’s Restricted Certificate (Aeronautical) is available free of charge from district offices of Industry Canada - Examinations and Radio Licensing (http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/ic1.nsf/eng/home).
Information on textbooks and other publications produced by commercial publishers can be obtained through local flying training organization, bookstores and similar sources.
Publications used in pilot training in the United States are available through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (http://www.access.gpo.gov/index.html).
Information concerning the location of pilot training organizations and matters pertaining to flight crew licensing may be obtained by contacting the appropriate Regional Offices. A complete listing may be found at: https://tc.canada.ca/en/aviation/civil-aviation-contacts-offices#headquarters_and_regional